Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars

Lancashire, J. A.; Harris, Andrea; Armstrong, C. S.; Ryan, D. L.

doi:10.33584/jnzg.1978.40.1519

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The superiority of Nui and Ellett was largely achieved through greater total productivity of pastures in the autumn months of March, April and May, with Ellett pastures exhibiting exceptional growth rates in December-January under higher fertility conditions. The superior autumn performance of Nui is a characteristic reported by previous workers (Baars et al, 1976, Lancashire et al, 1979.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Grasslands 'Ruanui' represents the original selection of southern Hawkes Bay and Poverty Bay ecotypes which formed the basis of NZ Certified Perennial ryegrass (Corkill et al 1981). Several reports have compared the relative merits of Nui and Ruanui swards and highlight the greater autumn recovery growth of Nui and its superior persistence (Baars et al, 1976, Lancashire et al 1979).…”

Section: Introduction Perennial Ryegrassmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparison of Three Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars Under Cattle Grazing in the Waikato

Goold¹

1982

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Three perennial ryegrass cultivars (L&urn perennr L.), Grasslands 'Ruanui', Grasslands 'Nui' and Yates 'Ellett' were sown in two experiments on different peat soils at Moanatuatua. Both experiments were alternately mown and grazed with Friesian cattle after an establishment period on each soil. Ruanui swards, grown with white clover (Trfolium repens L.) were the least productive one both a partially-developed and a well-developed peat. "Ellett' and 'Nui' swards produced 28% and 20% more total DM than 'Ruanui' on a well developed peat and 16% and 5%, respectively, on a partially-developed peat, over a 21 cut period from September 1976-September 1979. Pasture growth rates were generally lower on the partially-developed peat and cultivar differences were minimized in this experiment. Peak sward growth rates occurred in December-January on both peat soils. Whereas all three ryegrass cultivar swards reached a peak growth rate of approximately 70 kg DM/ha/day on the partially-developed peat, and Ruanui and Nui reached similar levels on the developed peat, Ellett swards attained higher growth rates (90 kg DM/ha/day) on the more fertile peat. Sward growth rates of Ellett and Nui pastures were consistently higher than those of Ruanui in the autumn. Ellett pastures contained more ryegrass and less white clover than Ruanui swards with Nui being intermediate in grass and clover composition. The value of Ellett and Nui on fertile, organic soils in the Waikato is emphasised.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Introduction Perennial Ryegrassmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Three Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars Under Cattle Grazing in the Waikato

Goold¹

1982

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“…These so called "hybrid" cultivars were the first attempt to increase cool season growth of New Zealand cultivars to a level compatible with New Zealand's mid latitude mild oceanic climate. Germplasm Introduction Considerable germplasm has been introduced since the early colonial introductions, mainly of commercial material, and the results generally confirm the observations of Saxby (1934), Rumball & Armstrong (1974) and Lancashire et al (1979). They conclude that imported northern European germplasm is not well adapted to New Zealand, lacking winter growth and often exhibiting susceptibility to crown or stem rust (Puccinia coronata and P. graminis).…”

Section: Early Plant Breeding Prior To 1960mentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Over the next 30 years a number of experiments showed that local ecotypes that had developed in the permanent pasture regions of New Zealand were superior to British and European commercial lines and to "false perennials" commonly sown and harvested in the cropping districts (as outlined in the reviews by Corkill 1958, Rumball 1983, Easton 1983and Burgess & Easton 1986. Further experiments over the next 60 years have continued to note the poor performance of overseas cultivars in New Zealand (McLeod 1974, Rumball & Armstrong 1975, Lancashire et al 1979.…”

Section: Initial Introductions and Strain Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic origins of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) for New Zealand pastures

Stewart¹

2006

NZGA R&P Series

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New Zealand perennial ryegrass germplasm originated largely from seed introduced from the UK during the 1800s. Modern breeding began in the 1930s and soon utilised selections from the best ecotypes as "mother" seed for the seed industry and after numerous reselections this resulted in the release of Grasslands Ruanui 1955. Winter growth was improved by hybridising with Italian ryegrass to produce the "short rotation hybrid" cultivar Grasslands Manawa, released in 1943. Further introgression to perennial ryegrass led to the development of Grasslands Ariki "long rotation hybrid", functionally a perennial, released in 1965. The identification of a valuable ecotype from the Mangere district in Northern New Zealand in the late 1960s had a substantial impact on ryegrass breeding in New Zealand and has subsequently been widely used in all Australasian ryegrass breeding programs. Germplasm from mild oceanic regions of North West Spain, collected in the 1980s, has provided a valuable combination of winter growth with late flowering behaviour. This has been used in many recent breeding programs. Considerable research has gone into endophytes of ryegrass to develop safe and persistent pastures. The lack of chemical diversity within endophytes of New Zealand ecotypes has required considerable sourcing of overseas germplasm for endophyte discovery. In recent years breeders have introgressed a wider range of germplasm, including winter active Mediterranean material, cold tolerant Northern European material, as well as Italian ryegrass and meadow fescue. Tetraploid perennial ryegrass cultivars have been released in the last 20 years, based largely on New Zealand diploid cultivars but also using some European tetraploids. Today a full range of cultivars from early flowering diploids to late flowering tetraploids is available to the farming industry. The use of a wider range of germplasm is discussed in relation to advances in our knowledge of genetic origins of perennial ryegrass. Genetic advances should be achievable from more diverse germplasm by using a combination of traditional breeding techniques and new technologies, such as marker assisted selection. However, lifting overall pasture performance still remains a challenge as ryegrass cultivars are used in mixtures with white clover and any increase in the ryegrass yield is often partially cancelled by decreased clover yields

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“…The importance of soil type has been demonstrated by Radcliffe (1979) who showed that the general pattern of pasture production on a perennial ryegrass/white clover sward on dry The use of annual and biennial ryegrasses (Lolium spp.) and subterranean clover for cool season growth and cocksfoot (Dacty-Zis glomerafa L.), lucerne, and to a lesser extent red clover (T. pratense L.) to combat dry summer conditions in these areas is well established, while there appears to be considerable potential for the use .,of species such as phalaris (Rumball, 1969)) tall fescue (Goold and Hupkens van der Elst, 1980), prairie grass (Bromus wildenowii Kunth) (Lancashire, 1978)) Lotus cornicu-Zatus (Charlton et al, 1978), and more drought-tolerant and persistent perennial ryegrasses (Lancashire et al, 1979). Some of these plant types will also have a very useful role in areas which are generally regarded as having less of a soil moisture deficit problem than the eastern half of the country.…”

Section: Soil M Oisture D Eficitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pasture Species and Cultivars for Regions

Corkill¹,

Williams²,

Lancashire³

1981

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The origin of the pasture species grown in New Zealand and the development of ecotypes are briefly described. The effects of environmental factors such as rainfall, temperature, soil type, soil fertility, grazing pressure, and pests and diseases on plant breeding objectives and choice of species in different regions of the country are discussed. The value of incorporating plant material from Mediterranean sources into New Zealand-bred cultivars of ryegrass, white clover and Lotus is illustrated, but the importance of local plant collections in the development of cultivars such as Nui and Ellett ryegrass and a hill country white clover is also emphasized. The possibility of breeding cultivars specifically for overseas markets is discussed.

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Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

A Comparison of Three Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars Under Cattle Grazing in the Waikato

A Comparison of Three Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars Under Cattle Grazing in the Waikato

Genetic origins of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) for New Zealand pastures

Pasture Species and Cultivars for Regions

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