“…et al (2013), Al-Najjar and Jawad (2011),Feng et al (2008),Ingason (2014Ingason ( /2015,Jaeger and Adair (2016),Mosadeghrad (2014),Salgado et al (2014),Souza-Poza et al (2009),Talib et al (2011),Willar et al (2015) andYamada et al (2013) 2 Employee resistance and/or negative attitudeAbdullah et al (2013), Al-Najjar andJawad (2011),Bokrantz et al (2016),Georgiev and Ohtaki (2016),Ingason (2014Ingason ( /2015,Jaeger and Adair (2016),Mosadeghrad (2014), Talib et al (2011) and Willar et al (2015) 3 Insufficient understanding of how QMS can improve company's daily activities Abdullah et al (2013), Boiral (2011), Georgiev and Ohtaki (2016), Poksinska et al (2006), Willar et al (2015) and Yamada et al (2013) 4 Lack of internal communication or inadequate internal communication Abdullah et al (2013), Bokrantz et al (2016), Grudzień and Hamrol (2016), Jaeger and Adair (2016), Mosadeghrad (2014), Talib et al (2011) and Yamada et al (2013) 5 Difficulties in document optimization to avoid excess Abdullah et al (2013), Al-Najjar and Jawad (2011), Boiral (2011), Feng et al (2008), Grudzień and Hamrol (2016) and Willar et al (2015) 6 Difficulties in aligning QMS requirements with customer requirements ABNT (2015), Jaeger and Adair (2016) and Park et al (2007) 7 More emphasis on the certification acquisition than on the process improvement Abdullah et al (2013), Al-Rawahi and Bashir (2011), Asif et al (2009) and Boiral (2011) 8 Erroneous planning of financial support necessary for QMS implementation Magd (2008), Poksinska et al (2006) and White et al (2009) 9 Lack of training for all employees regarding principles of quality Abdullah et al (2013), Ingason (2014/2015), Jaeger and Adair (2016), Mosadeghrad (2014), Souza-Poza et al (2009), Talib et al (2011) and Yamada et al (2013) 10 Lack of support from consultants and specialists during QMS implementation Abdullah et al (2013), Al-Najjar and Jawad (2011), Boiral (2011) and Ingason (2014/2015) 11 Difficulties in process standardization and compliance with QMS requirements Al-Najjar and Jawad (2011) and Poksinska et al (2006) 12 Underestimation of time required to implement QMS and verify its benefits Boiral (2011), Feng et al (2008), Sampaio et al (2009) and Yamada et al (2013) 13 Difficulties in implementing an appropriate QMS, specific to company's size and sector Al-Najjar and Jawad (2011), Boiral (2011), Ingason (2014/ 2015) and Park et al (2007) 14 Lack of integration among company departments needed for synergic gains Abdullah et al (2013), Georgiev and Ohtaki (2016), Jaeger and Adair (2016), Talib et al (2011) and Yamada et al (2013) 15 Unrealistic expectations regarding results to be achieved by QMS implementation Psomas et al (2010), Psomas and Antony (2015), Psomas and Fotopoulos (2009) and Zeng et al (2007) Source: Indicated in the table…”