Percepção Dos Clientes Hipertensos Acerca Das Complicações Da Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica

Abstract

RESUMOA Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS), patologia de origem multifatorial, caracteriza-se na atualidade como um importante problema de saúde pública, sobretudo, pela magnitude de suas complicações na população em geral. O estudo objetivou identificar a percepção dos clientes hipertensos acerca das complicações dessa patologia. Pesquisa do tipo exploratória de caráter descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, constituída por 20 hipertensos pertencentes à Estratégia Saúde da Família do bairro São José em Juazeiro do Norte-CE, durante os meses de novembro de 2006 à agosto de 2007, por meio de entrevistas em formulário. A apreciação dos dados apontou que uma parcela significativa não soube definir a hipertensão, os fatores determinantes e as complicações que surgem com a cronicidade da patologia, não percebendo a gravidade da doença e, principalmente de suas complicações. Contudo, notou-se a preocupação destes quanto à mudança no estilo de vida, assim como a adesão e a não interrupção do tratamento. Destarte, a educação permanente deve concretizar-se cotidianamente nos serviços de saúde, no intuito de enxergar a prevenção e promoção da saúde como estratégias eficazes para a integralidade da assistência e consequentemente elevar o conhecimento da clientela e reduzir os possíveis danos causados. Palavras Chaves: Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica, Complicações; Educação em Saúde. ABSTRACTArterial Hypertension (HBP), a multifactorial disease, characterized today as an important public health problem, especially for the magnitude of its complications in the general population. The study aimed to identify the customers' perception about the hypertensive complications of hypertension. The research was exploratory, descriptive qualitative approach, consisting of 20 hypertensives belonging to the Family Health Strategy of the San Jose neighborhood in Juazeiro do Norte-CE, during the months of November 2006 to August 2007, through interviews Form . Examination of the data revealed that a significant number did not know how to define hypertension, factors and complications that arise with the chronicity of the condition, not realizing the severity of the disease and especially its complications. However, it was noted the concern regarding these changes in lifestyle, as well as adhesion and no interruption of treatment. Thus, continuing education must be achieved routinely in health services, in order to see the prevention and health promotion as devices for comprehensive care and consequently raise the knowledge of customers and reduce potential damage.

Blood pressure, heart diseases and lifestyles of elderly

“…Female participants were predominant in the study (82.0%). Similar results were found in other studies carried out in several Brazilian regions (2,7) . There are similarities in the prevalence of arterial hypertension among men and women, although men are more susceptible to its development up to the fifth decade of life.…”

“…Arterial hypertension is a significant risk factor for developing complications of cardiovascular nature such as acute myocardial infarction and strokes (7) which are considered important causes of mortality in the territory. Also noteworthy are sudden death, renal failure and acute pulmonary edema (4) which significantly compromise the quality of life of seniors.…”

Efeitos de um programa de intervenção terapêutico ocupacional em pacientes com hipertensão arterial sistêmica

“…Em pesquisa realizada na UBS do estado do Ceará 15 , os autores buscaram identificar o nível de conhecimento dos hipertensos acerca de sua patologia, de seus determinantes, complicações, bem como a adequação ao tratamento e hábitos de vida. Constataram que 90% dos indivíduos não souberam descrever o que é HAS, 65% não souberam citar os fatores de risco e 55% adequaram parcialmente seus hábitos de vida ao tratamento da hipertensão.…”

Fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares em idosos

“…In addition, the greater the presence of family, friends and spouse, the more they renew their strength to overcome the obstacles that appear with increasing age. 3 Regarding the association between risk factors and sociodemographic variables, there was a statistically significant association between active smoking and male sex, as well as between alcohol consumption and male sex. In this study, it was observed that 30.1% of the participants reported direct or indirect contact with smoking.…”

“…The measures of Total Cholesterol and LDL-C are used to evaluate cardiovascular risk, confirmed by evidences of several researches, constituting the main therapeutic target for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.² It is worth mentioning that another important risk for cardiovascular diseases is the sedentary lifestyle, considered the fourth risk factor for mortality at a global level. 3 Sedentary and overweight individuals, with obesity, hypertension and fasting glycemia above 100 mg/dl have been the main victims of these often silent diseases, which have become serious public health problems and caused a real global epidemic. 4 Aging is a dynamic and progressive process that causes various changes in the organism, either they are morphological, psychological, functional or biological, leading to decreased functional capacity and the development of non-communicable chronic diseases.…”