PERBANYAKAN VEGETATIF MAHONI (Swietenia macrophylla King) DENGAN CARA STEK PUCUK

Abstract

Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) plantations are threatened by shoot borer (Hypsiyla robusta), therefore the resistance of mahogany plants to shoot borer become a priority for the establishment of mahogany plantations. Elite trees that have resistance to shoot borer could be found through genetic selection of mahogany population in the field. Propagation of these elite trees should be prepared by vegetative propation to ensure that the mother plant's characteristics were inherited. Vegetative propagation of mahogany was conducted by cuttings. The experiment design consisted of split plot in randomly group with 4 medias and 3 IBA treatments; repeated 3 groups with 15 seedlings per experimental unit. Cutting materials were collected from one year old seedlings. Successful cutting was determined by these parameters: percentage of rooted cuttings, numbers of root, root length, shoot length, root biomass, and shoot biomass. The results showed that media factor had significant effect to cuttings, while soaking cutting material in growth regulators gave no significant effect. The highest percentage of rooted cutting was produced by media cocopeat+husk (2:1, v/v) by 93%. The greatest number of roots were generated using rice husk and coconut+husk (2:1, v/v) by 4.5 strands of roots. The longest root was produced using media soil by length 86 mm. Based on these cutting parameters, cocopeat+husk is the most optimal media for mahogany cuttings.

The growth of mahogany seedlings (Swietenia macrophylla King.) in various planting media and shade intensity

“…In this condition, without shade treatment mahogany can optimally utilize sunlight for stem growth. Mahogany is a type of plant that is tolerant of sunlight, namely a type of tree that does not require shade during the nursery [14]. The increase in plant height is due to the activity of cell division in the apical meristem.…”