Penyediaan Air Bersih Sistem Kolektif: Analisis Kebutuhan Air Bersih Domestik pada Perumahan Klaster

Abstract

ABSTRAKAir bersih merupakan kebutuhan dasar di lingkungan hunian. Penyediaan air bersih kota dikelola oleh Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM). Akan tetapi tidak semua wilayah terjangkau dan terlewati jalur distribusi air minum kota. Pada perumahan sistem klaster yang berada di luar jalur distribusi air minum kota, suplai air bersih dan sistem distribusi yang efisien dan efektif menjadi tantangan tersendiri. Klaster perumahan The Sariwangi Village terletak di wilayah yang tidak terjangkau oleh pelayanan dari jaringan induk PDAM, oleh karena itu penyediaan air bersih disediakan oleh pengembang perumahan ini dan dikelola secara independen oleh warga. lingkungan ini mengandalkan sumber air tanah dalam dan mata air. Perumahan ini memiliki 100 kavling dengan 94 unit hunian sudah terbangun. Terdapat dua sistem penyediaan air yang diterapkan pada perumahan ini, 31 unit memiliki sumber air tanah secara mandiri melalui sumur bor yang dilengkapi dengan pompa hisap. Sedangkan sistem penyediaan air bersih pada 63 unit hunian menerapkan sistem kolektif dengan sistem tangki tekan. Distribusi air bersih dari tangki induk menuju setiap unit hunian dengan memanfaatkan gravitasi. Jaringan air bersih yang dibangun oleh pengembang, seringkali mengalami permasalahan terutama pada kecukupan debit air yang terdistribusi ke setiap hunian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan air bersih dalam skala perumahan pada saat beban puncak. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dengan perkiraan jumlah penghuni 252 jiwa, perhitungan pemakaian kebutuhan air per hari 30.240 liter/ hari dengan pemakaian air pada jam puncak 4,86 m3/jam. Kecukupan kebutuhan air bersih per hari, diperlukan kapasitas efektif tangki atas sebesar 4,8 m3 dengan laju aliran pompa 81 liter per menit. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diperlukan penambahan titik sumber air tanah dalam untuk memenuhi kebutuhan debit air bersih sistem kolektif.Kata kunci: Sistem Tangki Tekan, Beban Puncak, Kapasitas Efektif Tangki, Kapasitas Pompa Pengisi.ABSTRACTDomestic water supply and distribution is a basic need in a residential environment. Water supply in the city is managed by the Regional Water Supply Company (PDAM). However, some areas are not covered by the city's water supply distribution channels. In cluster system housings outside urban water distribution channels, the efficiency of water supply and effective distribution systems is a challenge. The Sariwangi village housing cluster is located in an area unreachable by the PDAM pipeline installation, therefore the water supply is provided by this housing developer and managed independently by residents. There are two water supply systems implemented in this housing complex, 31 units have independent groundwater sources through boreholes equipped with suction pumps. Whereas the clean water supply system in 63 residential units applies a collective system of water supply with a pressure tank system. Distribution of clean water from the main tank to each residential unit by using gravity. The clean water network built by developers often experiences problems, especially in the adequacy of water discharges distributed to each dwelling. This study aims to analyze the need for clean water on a housing scale at peak times. The results of the analysis, the projected number of inhabitants is 252 occupants, the calculation of the use of water needs per day is 40,320 liters/day with an average usage of 4.03 m3/hour. Adequate need for clean water per day, an effective tank capacity of 5.4 m3 is required with a pump flow rate of 2.7 m3 per minute. Based on the results of the analysis improvements are needed to the addition of groundwater sources for a collective system clean water.Keywords: Press Tank System, Peak Load, Effective Tank Capacity, Filling Pump Capacity.

Distribution of Springs and Household Clean Water Needs in Bulu District, Rembang Regency

“…Good water quality will be safe if consumed by local residents, therefore it is necessary to take care of the springs so that they can meet the needs of clean water in a sustainable manner. Household clean water needs are influenced by several factors such as income level, city size, and climatic conditions (Putra et al, 2020). The need for water is greater for households with better socioeconomic conditions (Zulhilmi et al, 2019).…”

“…Raw water for clean water needs is sourced from groundwater, surface water, rainwater, and springs. Springs are utilized as a supply of clean water, especially in the areas which are not covered by PDAM Kota (Municipal Waterworks of the city) main water network services (Putra et al, 2020). The availability of water from abundant springs and the ease of getting it are very suitable for today's community needs (Susanto et al, 2022).…”