Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Literasi Kelautan untuk Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas

Abstract

The preliminary study of students' understanding of the sea, where the sea is an important object in maritime affairs, is very much needed to support the academic curriculum which was initiated by the Indonesian Government. Understanding of the sea internationally has been widely studied in ocean literacy. Studies on marine literacy in Indonesia are still very few, even though Indonesia is the second country with the longest coastline in the world. Ocean literacy instruments need to be developed in advance to conduct a preliminary study of ocean literacy. The purpose of this study was to produce a valid and reliable ocean literacy assessment instrument for high school students. The stages in developing instruments include: designing, testing, determining validity, and determining the reliability of the instrument. The results of the study showed that ocean literacy instruments included a ocean insight test, questionnaire of student's attitude towards the sea, and questionnaire of student's behavior towards the sea. The instruments that have been produced was valid and reliable.
 Keywords: instrument of ocean literacy
 ABSTRAKKajian awal mengenai pemahaman siswa terhadap laut, dimana laut adalah objek penting dalam kemaritiman, sangat dibutuhkan untuk mendukung kurikulum kemairitiman yang mulai digagas oleh Pemerintah Indonesia. Pemahaman terhadap laut secara internasional telah banyak dikaji dalam literasi kelautan (ocean literacy). Kajian tentang literasi kelautan di Indonesia masih sangat sedikit, padahal Indonesia adalah negara kedua dengan garis pantai terpanjang sedunia. Instrumen literasi kelautan perlu dikembangkan terlebih dahulu guna melakukan kajian awal mengenai literasi kelautan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan instrumen penilaian literasi kelautan untuk siswa SMA yang valid dan reliabel. Tahapan dalam pengembangan instrumen mencakup: perancangan, uji coba, penetapan validitas, dan penetapan realibilitas instrumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa instrumen literasi kelautan meliputi tes wawasan kelautan, angket sikap kepedulian siswa terhadap laut, dan angket perilaku siswa terhadap laut. Instrumen yang dihasilkan valid dan reliable.

Profile of students ocean literacy at senior high school in Mataram

“…Compared to the countries mentioned above, the low level of students' ocean literacy in this study can be caused by several things, such as the curriculum that is still less specific in supporting marine content in education units [4]. Compared to UK and Canada, which have applied maritime-based education, Indonesia is even seen to be very late in planning the application of a maritime-based curriculum [5]. Thus, it is very reasonable that Canadian and British students' scores are higher than Indonesian.…”

“…However, there is still no clarity until now [4,2]. However, there is a lot of content about ocean life in the high school curriculum on material pieces and basic competencies that support ocean literacy spread over intersecting subjects, especially Biology [5]. In biology subjects listed in the curriculum, comprehensive ecosystem material can represent marine content at the high school level [6].…”

“…Information about ocean literacy is vital to support the realization of the maritime-based national development reorientation. It has been intensively promoted by the Government of Indonesia recently [5].…”

Students and the Sea: Ocean Literacy in Tanjungpinang, Indonesia

“…A survey was used to address the research objectives. The instrument in this study was an assessment instrument of ocean literacy for grades 10-11 (ages 15-17) developed by researchers (Hindrasti, 2018a). The instruments were a test for measuring the ocean kbowledge and a questionnaire to measure the ocean attitude and behavior.…”

Persepsi Taruna/Taruni Jurusan Kemaritiman dalam Literasi Maritim yang Mendukung Sustainable Ocean

“…Namun pendidikan dipandang sebagai instrumen yang ampuh dalam melestarikan budaya, khususnya budaya maritim, maka pemerintah Indonesia baru kini mulai melihat betapa pentingnya mengembangkan budaya kelautan melalui pendidikan maritim sejak dini [12]. Para peneliti belum terlalu fokus pada pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai pentingnya laut di Indonesia, dan masih sangat sedikit penelitian mengenai literasi kelautan di negara ini [13]. Meskipun sebagian besar wilayah Indonesia ditutupi oleh lautan, pengembangan berbagai industri berbasis daratan tetap menjadi prioritas.…”