Pengaruh Sebaran Data Ground Control Point (Gcp) Dalam Pengolahan Data Foto Udara Pada Area in-Pit Mapping Menggunakan Drone Quadcopter Dji Phantom 4 RTK Berbasis Base GPS Metode Real Time Kinematic (Rtk)

Abstract

ABSTRAKTeknik pengambilan foto udara yang saat ini sedang berkembang, tidak bisa dipungkiri lagi bahwa teknologi Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), khususnya drone merupakan salah satu teknologi yang sangat efektif dan efisien dalam melakukan kegiatan mapping (pemetaan). Kegiatan mapping menggunakan drone ini juga tidak luput dari industri pertambangan, khususnya tambang batu bara yang saat ini mulai popular menggunakan salah satu teknologi yang modern ini. Salah satu jenis UAV yang digunakan PT Arutmin Indonesia adalah drone quadcotper DJI Phantom 4 RTK yang berbasis base GPS metode Real Time Kinematic (RTK). Kegiatan mapping menggunakan drone diperlukan beberapa titik ikat atau kontrol di permukaan tanah yang disebar di area mapping yang dikenal dengan Ground Control Point (GCP). GCP berfungsi sebagai titik ikat atau kontrol di permukaan tanah. Sebaiknya GCP disebar merata di permukaan tanah area mapping yang areanya bebas dari obstacles, dan tidak mengganggu kegiatan penambangan agar hasil dari pengolahan data diharapkan menghasilkan data orthophoto dan kontur topografi yang presisi dan akurat. Kegiatan mapping yang dilakukan PT Arutmin Indonesia ini dilakukan di area in pit dump dengan sebaran enam data GCP yang disebar di ujung-ujung dan tengah batasan area mapping. GCP yang tidak di sebar merata di area mapping akan menghasilkan data orthophoto dan kontur topografi yang tidak presisi dan akurat. Ini disebabkan adanya area mapping yang tidak terikat/terkontrol oleh GCP. Area mapping yang tidak tercover GCP, dominan orthophoto yang dihasilkan tidak sesuai dengan aktual kondisi in pit dump. Orthophoto in pit dump ini, keadaan bench dump akan terlihat tidak lurus atau terpisah atau tidak menyambung karena posisi horizontal yang dihasilkan tidak presisi dan akurat. Begitu juga dengan data topografi, apabila area mapping tidak tercover GCP, akan menimbulkan variance +/- 5-10 m pada posisi horizontal (easting dan northing) dan 3-5 m pada posisi vertical (elevation). Dengan demikian data GCP yang disebar merata di area mapping merupakan salah satu parameter untuk menghasilkan data orthophoto dan kontur yang presisi dan akurat. GCP yang disebar merata di area mapping akan memberikan pengaruh terhadap ketelitian rektifikasi yang ditunjukkan melalui nilai Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) ketelitian jarak dan posisi (koordinat). Kata Kunci: GCP, mapping, in pit dump, rektifikasi ABSTRACT The technique of taking aerial photographs is currently developing, it is undeniable that the technology of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), especially drones, is one of the technologies that is very effective and efficient in conducting mapping activities. Mapping activities using drones are also not spared from the mining industry, especially coal mining which is currently gaining popularity using one of these modern technologies. One type of UAV used by PT Arutmin Indonesia is the DJI Phantom 4 RTK quadcotper drone based on the GPS Real Time Kinematic (RTK) method. Mapping activities using drones require a number of grounding points or controls that are spread out in a mapping area known as a Ground Control Point (GCP). GC Work as a bonding point or control at ground level. GCP should be distributed evenly on unobstructed mapping surface, and there is no mining activity so that the results of data processing are expected to produce precise and accurate orthophoto and topographic contour data. The mapping activity carried out by PT Arutmin Indonesia was carried out in an area in the pit dump with the distribution of six GCP data distributed at the edges and the mapping of the middle area. GCP that is not spread evenly in the mapping area will produce orthophoto data and topographic contours that are not precise and accurate. This represents the existence of an area mapping that is not approved / controlled by GCP. Mapping the area that is not covered by GCP, the dominant orthophoto produced is not in accordance with the actual conditions in the pit dump. Orthophoto in this pit dump, the state of the dump bench will look not straight or separate or not connect because the resulting horizontal position is not precise and accurate. Likewise with topographic data, mapping the rejected area is not covered by GCP, will cause variance +/- 5-10 m in the horizontal position (east and north) and 3-5 m vertical position (elevation). Thus GCP data distributed evenly in the mapping area is one of the parameters to produce precise and accurate orthophoto and contour data. GCP that is spread evenly in the mapping area will give effect to the accuracy of rectification studied through the value of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) accuracy of distance and position (coordinates). Keywords: GCP, mapping, in pit dump, rectification

Design of Pond Water Turbidity Monitoring System in Arduino-based Catfish Cultivation to Support Sustainable Development Goals 2030 No.9 Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure

“…Catfish is one of the foods that people like because of its high protein [3] - [3]. This commodity makes catfish have very promising prospects, both in terms of demand and selling price [4] - [5]. It can be said that from a market point of view, catfish has the potential to be developed as business land [6].…”