Pengaruh Kompres Panas dan Dingin terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Kala I Fase Aktif Persalinan Fisiologis Ibu Primipara

Abstract

AbstrakPersalinan adalah peristiwa fisiologis dalam setiap perkembangan seorang wanita menjadi ibu.Peristiwa ini dapat menimbulkan trauma karena nyeri yang dialaminya.Beberapa ibu bahkan memilih untuk melahirkan secara sectio caesareatanpa indikasi medis untuk menghindari nyeri tersebut. Terapi kompres panas dan dingin merupakan salah satu metode non farmakologis untuk mengatasi nyeri.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kompres panas dan dingin terhadap penurunan nyeri kala I fase aktif persalinan fisiologis ibu primipara.Jenis penelitian ini yaitu eksperimental dengan rancangan One Group Pretest Postest. Penelitian dilaksanakan di BPS Bunda dan BPS Rita Bukittinggi tanggal 26 Maret s/d 26 Mei 2014.Populasi penelitian ini adalah ibu primipara inpartu kala I fase aktif menggunakan tekhnik Non Probability Sampling dengan metode sampel Consecutive Sampling. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh rerata derajat nyeri sebelum kompres panas adalah 7,29±1,102 dan sebelum kompres dingin adalah 7,33±1,238. Rerata derajat nyeri setelah kompres panas adalah 4,95±1,244 dan setelah kompres dingin adalah 3,90±0,889. Tidak terdapat perbedaan rerata derajat nyeri sebelum kompres panas dandingin p = 0,896.Terdapat perbedaan rerata derajat nyeri setelah kompres panas dan dingin p = 0,003. Terdapat perbedaan selisih derajat nyeri kompres panas dan dingin p = 0,001. Dapat disimpulkan terdapat perbedaan pengaruh pemberian kompres panas dan dingin terhadap penurunan nyeri persalinan. Kata kunci: kompres panas, kompres dingin, nyeri persalinan AbstractChildbirth is a physiologic process that happened in each woman's development to be a mother. This process may cause trauma because of the pain. Even, some mother choose sectio caesarea without medical implication as a labor choice.Hot and cold compress therapy is one of non-pharmacological approach to reduce pain. The objective of this study was to determine the difference of the effect of hot and cold compress pain relief during active first stage of physiologic labor in primiparous women.This is an experimental study with one group pretest posttest design. This study takes places in BPS Bunda and BPS Rita in Bukittinggi from 26 th of March till 26 th of May, 2014. The population of this study was inpartu primiparous women in active first stage of labor using non probability sampling and consecutive sampling method.The result of this study are mean rate of the pain before hot compress are 7.29±1.102 and before cold compress are 7.33±1.238. Mean rate of the pain after hot compress are 4.95±1.244 and after cold compress are 3.90±0.889. There is no differences of the pain during labor before hot and cold compress p=0.896.There is differences of the pain during labor after hot and cold compress p=0,003. There is differences of the pain deviation in hot compress and cold compress p=0.001. We conclude that there is the difference of the effect of hot and cold compress on pain relief during labor.

Effect of Heat Compresses Hydrotherapy to Reduction of Pain Labor Stage 1st

“…Thi accordancethe research was Nikma Ayu (2014) who examined the Effect of Warm Compressing Techniques on Changes in Labor Pain Scale, which states that hydrotherapy with a warm compress technique has a use in reducing labor pain in in-patients especially in the first stage. Some studies that support this research are research by Felina (2015) which concludes that there was an effect of giving warm compresses and cold compresses to decrease the degree of labor pain. Deasyana Pratiwi, 2015 also stated that there were differences in the effectiveness of the conterpressure technique and warm compresses against pain reduction.…”

Perbandingan Efektifitas Terapi Warm Belt Dan Cold Belt Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Persalinan Kala I

“…Giving a warm compress to the body area will give a signal to the hypothalamus via the spinal cord. Warm compresses applied to a woman's lower back in the area where the fetal head presses against the spine will reduce pain, heat will increase circulation to the area thereby improving tissue anoxia caused by pressure (Felina & Iryani, 2015).…”

“…This condition can cause a decrease in uterine contractions (uterine insertion), which results in a decrease in uteroplacental circulation, a reduction in blood and oxygen flow to the uterus, and the onset of uterine ischemia which causes pain impulses to increase. And if this is not handled properly, it will cause prolonged labor, and eventually, it will be an indication for delivery by cesarean section (Felina & Iryani, 2015) World Health Organization (WHO), sets the average standard for sectio Caesarea in a country is around 5-15% per 1000 births in the world (WHO, 2016). Meanwhile, according to Riskesdas 2018, the rate of sectio Caesarea in Indonesia has passed the maximum limit of the WHO standard and this increase is a public health problem.…”

Pemberian Kompres Dingin Untuk Mengurangi Nyeri Persalinan

“…Hasil penelitian pada Ny "D" sejalan dengan penelitian (Felina et al, 2015) (Haryanti, 2017) yang meneliti tentang perbandingan kompres hangat dan dingin terhadap perubahan skala nyeri pada ibu bersalin kala I fase aktif, rata-rata nyeri sebelum diberikan kompres dingin pada ibu bersalin kala 1 ada pada kategori nyeri berat (62,5%), sedangkan rata-rata nyeri sesudah diberikan kompres dingin ada pada kategori nyeri sedang (37,5%). Kompres dingin juga efektif dalam menurunkan nyeri pada saat kala I persalinan.…”