Pengaruh Bukaan Terhadap Pencahayaan Alami Dan Penghawaan Alami Pada Masjid Al Ahdhar Bekasi

Abstract

The building should be able to provide a comfortable space for users to avoid outside unfavorable climate, so that the activities in it can run optimally. The comfort aspect is one of the important factors in special worship in it. Al-Ahdhar Mosque is a mosque designed by architect Nataneka. This mosque has large openings so that natural lighting and natural ventilation can enter the building. However, it needs to be investigated whether this large opening is enough to influence the lighting conditions and conditions of the Al-Ahdhar mosque. This research was also conducted to find out the relationship between natural lighting and natural ventilation produced and to find out the opinions of respondents to the thermal comfort of the Al-Ahdhar mosque. The method used in this study is field measurements and observations which are then processed quantitatively. The results showed that natural lighting at Al-Ahdhar mosque was 180 lux on the 1st and 128th floors of lux on the 2nd floor, which meant that natural lighting in this mosque still did not meet the standards of 200 lux. Thermal conditions at Al-Ahdhar mosque, the lowest temperature of 240C is found in areas that have openings of 34%. While 80% openings produce temperatures that tend to be higher at 29.20C to 29.60C. Larger openings do not necessarily produce good natural lighting and air conditioning conditions. But keep in mind the location of openings, orientation of openings, and types of openings. The bigger the openings will also include large solar radiation as well.Keywords: natural lighting; natural ventilation; thermal conditions; mosqueAbstrak: Bangunan sebaiknya dapat memberi ruang beraktivitas yang nyaman kepada pengguna agar terhindar dari iklim luar yang tidak menguntungkan, sehingga aktivitas di dalamnya dapat berjalan dengan optimal. Aspek kenyamanan merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam kekhusukan beribadah di dalamnya. Masjid Al-Ahdhar merupakan masjid yang didesain oleh arsitek Nataneka. Masjid ini memiliki bukaan yang cukup besar sehingga pencahayaan alami dan penghawaan alami dapat masuk ke dalam bangunan. Namun, perlu diteliti apakah bukaan yang besar ini cukup berpengaruh terhadap kondisi pencahayaan dan kondisi penghawaan pada masjid Al-Ahdhar. Penelitian ini juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pencahayaan alami dan penghawaan alami yang dihasilkan serta mengetahui pendapat responden terhadap kenyamanan termal masjid Al-Ahdhar. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengukuran lapangan dan observasi yang kemudian diolah secara kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pencahayaan alami pada masjid Al-Ahdhar adalah sebesar 180 lux pada lantai 1 dan 128 lux pada lantai 2 yang berarti pencahayaan alami pada masjid ini masih belum memenuhi standar yaitu sebesar 200 lux. Kondisi thermal pada masjid Al-Ahdhar, suhu terendah yaitu sebesar 240C didapatkan pada area yang memiliki bukaan 34%. Sedangkan bukaan 80% menghasilkan suhu udara yang cenderung lebih tinggi yaitu sebesar 29,20C sampai 29,60C. Bukaan yang semakin besar belum tentu menghasilkan kondisi pencahayaan alami dan penghawaan alami yang baik. Namun perlu diperhatikan letak bukaan, orientasi bukaan, dan jenis bukaan. Semakin besar bukaan juga akan memasukkan radiasi matahari yang besar pula.Kata Kunci: pencahayaan alami; penghawaan alami; kondisi termal; masjid

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