Penetration of 4.5nm to aerosol particles through fibrous filters

Huang, Sheng-Hsiu; Chen, Chun-Wan; Chang, Cheng-Ping; Lai, Chane-Yu; Chen, Chih-Chieh

doi:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2007.05.007

Cited by 101 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Because submicrometer particles can transport through the human airways into the lower lung, there are studies that indicate exposure could lead to pulmonary disease, cardiovascular health effects, and immune system impairments (Huang et al 2007). Electrostatic filtration media (electret) has been used in many applications since it possesses enhanced collection efficiency for submicrometer particles while maintaining low pressure drop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrostatic filtration media (electret) has been used in many applications since it possesses enhanced collection efficiency for submicrometer particles while maintaining low pressure drop. These performance characteristics are ideal for respirators, clean rooms, or processing of nuclear and hazardous materials (Lathrache and Fissan 1987;Fjeld and Owens 1988;Barrett and Rousseau 1998;Wang 2001;Lee et al 2002;Kim et al 2006;Huang et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lee et al (2002) concluded that theoretical models did not match experimental data because of a significant increase in charge density. A review of other studies shows assumed charge density values vary by several orders of magnitude (Lathrache and Fissan 1987;Wang 2001;Sae-lim et al 2006;Huang et al 2007;Kanaoka et al 1987). Higher fiber charge density has been seen to decrease filter penetration (Wei 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of electrostatic filter efficiency typically employ filter face velocities ranging 0.01-0.5 m/s (Fjeld and Owens 1988;Barrett and Rousseau 1998;Wang 2001;Wei et al 2006;Kim et al 2006;Huang et al 2007;Shaffer and Rengasamy 2009). However, some high-volume sampling equipment and sampling applications could utilize filter face velocities as high as 1.0-2.5 m/s, where experimental data are less available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Study of Electrostatic Aerosol Filtration at Moderate Filter Face Velocity

Sanchez

Hubbard

Dellinger

et al. 2013

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Aerosol collection efficiency was studied for electrostatically charged fibrous filters (3M Filtrete TM , BMF-20F). In this study, collection efficiencies at moderate filter face velocities (0.5-2.5 m/s) representative of some high volume sampling applications was characterized. Experimental data and analytical theories of filter performance are less common in this flow regime since the viscous flow field assumption may not be representative of actual flow through the filter mat. Additionally, electrostatic fiber charge density is difficult to quantify, and measurements of aerosol collection efficiency are often used to calculate this fundamental parameter. The purpose of this study was to assess the relative influence of diffusion, inertial impaction, interception, and electrostatic filtration on overall filter performance. The effects of fiber charge density were quantified by comparing efficiency data for charged and uncharged filter media, where an isopropanol bath was used to eliminate electrostatic charge. The effects of particle charge were also quantified by test aerosols brought into the equilibrium Boltzmann charge distribution, and then using an electrostatic precipitator to separate out only those test particles with a charge of zero. Electrostatically charged filter media had collection efficiencies as high as 70-85% at 30 nm. Filter performance was reduced significantly (40-50% collection efficiency) when the electrostatic filtration component was eliminated. Experiments performed with zero charged NaCl particles showed that a significant increase in filter performance is attributable to an induction effect, where electrostatic fiber charge polarizes aerosol particles without charge. As filter face velocity increased the electrostatic filtration efficiency decreased since aerosol particles had less time to drift toward electrostatically charged fibers. Finally, experimental data at 0.5 m/s were compared to theoretical predictions and good agreement was found for both electrostatic and nonelectrostatic effects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Study of Electrostatic Aerosol Filtration at Moderate Filter Face Velocity

Sanchez

Hubbard

Dellinger

et al. 2013

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…Thermal rebound phenomena were observed for nanoparticles below 2 nm diameter [Kim et al 2006]. Recent studies provide additional data on nanoparticle penetration for NIOSH certified N95 and P100 filtering face-piece respirators [Rengasamy et al 2008a], NIOSH certified N95 and European Certified FFP1 respirators [Huang et al 2007], and FFP3 filter media [Golanski et al 2008] using particles greater than 4 nm.…”

Section: Respiratorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to safe nanotechnology: managing the health and safety concerns associated with engineered nanomaterials (withdrawn).

2009

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To receive documents or other information about occupational safety and health topics, contact NIOSH at Telephone: 1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) TTY: 1-888-232-6348 E-mail: cdcinfo@cdc.gov or visit the NIOSH Web site at www.cdc.gov/niosh.For a monthly update on news at NIOSH, subscribe to NIOSH eNews by visiting www.cdc.gov/niosh/eNews. No. 2009-125 March 2009 DHHS (NIOSH) Publication Safer • Healthier • People™Approaches to Safe Nanotechnology iii Nanotechnology-the manipulation of matter on a near-atomic scale to produce new structures, materials, and devices-offers the promise of unprecedented scientific advancement for many sectors, such as medicine, consumer products, energy, materials, and manufacturing. Nanotechnology has the power not only to improve existing technologies, but to dramatically enhance the effectiveness of new applications.Research on the potential applications of nanotechnology continues to expand rapidly worldwide. New nanotechnology consumer products emerge at a rate of three to four per week. Over the course of the next decade, nanotechnology could have a $1 trillion impact on the global economy and employ two million workers-half of them residing in the U.S.While nanomaterials present seemingly limitless possibilities, they bring with them new challenges to understanding, predicting, and managing potential safety and health risks to workers. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) remains committed to protecting workers now and in the future, as nanotechnology applications and uses expand.As part of these efforts, in October 2005, NIOSH released for public comment the draft document, Approaches to Safe Nanotechnology: An Information Exchange with NIOSH. Based on feedback received, NIOSH revised and updated the document in July 2006 and sought further public comment. This draft report has been widely cited, and the final version of the report should serve as a vital resource for stakeholders (including occupational safety and health professionals, researchers, policy makers, risk assessors, and workers in the industry) who wish to understand more about the safety and health implications of nanotechnology in the workplace.With the publication of the Approaches to Safe Nanotechnology document, NIOSH hopes to: raise awareness of the occupational safety and health issues involved with nanotechnology; make recommendations on occupational safety and health best practices in the production and use of nanomaterials; facilitate dialogue between NIOSH and its external partners in industry, labor and academia; respond to requests for authoritative safety and health guidelines; and, identify information gaps and areas for future study and research.As our knowledge of nanoscience increases, so too will our efforts to provide valuable guidance on the safe handling of nanoparticles and for protecting the lives and livelihoods of nanotechnology workers.

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Technical Risk Prevention in the Workplace

Ricaud

2011

Nanoethics and Nanotoxicology

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Penetration of 4.5nm to aerosol particles through fibrous filters

Cited by 101 publications

References 26 publications

Experimental Study of Electrostatic Aerosol Filtration at Moderate Filter Face Velocity

Experimental Study of Electrostatic Aerosol Filtration at Moderate Filter Face Velocity

Approaches to safe nanotechnology: managing the health and safety concerns associated with engineered nanomaterials (withdrawn).

Technical Risk Prevention in the Workplace

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