Penetration grouting reinforcement of sandy gravel

Yang, Ping; Peng, Zhenbin; Tang, Yiqun; Peng, Wenxiang; He, Zhongming

doi:10.1007/s11771-008-0052-5

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Scholars have employed the permeation column test method to inject grout into a stratum, analyzed the influence of grout on the stratum, and explored grout injectability ( 11 ). Among these scholars, Yang et al adopted the uniform design method and studied the relationship between the grouting effect and grouting factor ( 12 ). The researchers concluded that the gravel porosity, gravel permeability coefficient, grouting pressure, grouting time, and water–cement ratio were the main factors influencing the grouting effect.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the Grout Mix Ratio and Simulation Test of Shield Tail Grouting Similarities in a Water-Rich Fine Sand Layer

Song,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2023

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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When shield tunneling is performed in water-rich silt and fine sand strata, the grout becomes runny when diluted by groundwater. After dilution, the filling effect of the grout is not significant, and the level of surface settlement is very high. In this study, based on bidding section 04 of Tianjin Metro Line 11, traditional grouting materials were selected to conduct response surface method (RSM) tests. The purposes of the RSM analysis were to analyze the interactions between materials and their influences on grout performance and to optimize the grout mix ratio. Various admixtures were compared to assess the effects of different admixtures and compositions on the dispersion resistance and flow performance of the grout. Finally, a shield synchronous grouting test system was developed, and a similar indoor grouting simulation test was performed to analyze the influences of the different admixtures on the filling effects and to determine a reasonable grout mix ratio. The following three results were obtained. (1) The RSM was suitable for grout performance prediction and grout mix ratio optimization, and hydroxyethyl cellulose could improve the grout performance and increase the bond performance between the cementing material and aggregate. (2) Admixture incorporation enhancement could improve the grout utilization rate and increase the diffusion distance at the top of the tunnel, which would be conducive to filling the gap at the tail end of the shield. (3) The optimal preparation scheme of grout in water-rich fine sand formations included a water–binder ratio of 0.72, cement–sand ratio of 0.80, fly ash content of 5%, bentonite content of 14.94%, and admixture content of 0.8%–0.9%

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the Grout Mix Ratio and Simulation Test of Shield Tail Grouting Similarities in a Water-Rich Fine Sand Layer

Song,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2023

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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“…At the same time, grouted curtains prevent the inrush of water and mud by water channels be plugged (Xue et al, 2021), and effective grouting is very important for ensuring the construction safety. Nevertheless, the grouting effect is influenced by many factors, such as water cement ratio, permeability coefficient, grouting pressure and grouting time (Yang et al, 2008). Zheng et al (2020) analyzed the flowing regularity of grout spreading against flowing groundwater and fluid pressure distribution in a grouting work, and proposed a criterion for risk assessment on overburden stratum uplifting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sandy aquifer collapse mechanism and accident treatment of the Qingdao metro tunnel

Zhang,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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The tunnel collapse occurred during the construction of the Qingdao Metro Line Ⅰ, resulting in a pit measuring approximately 10 m in diameter and 7 m in depth on the ground surface. The collapse inflicted substantial economic losses, casualties, and subsequent disruptions to ongoing construction activities. To clarify the causes of this collapse and investigate the underlying factors, a comprehensive approach combining field surveys and numerical simulations was undertaken. The results show that the collapse was primarily attributed to inadequate support when facing the challenging geological conditions, poor surrounding rocks (Grade VI) and a high volume of groundwater. The combination of abundant water and sand seeped into the tunnel, culminating in a catastrophic ground collapse. Notably, the arch roof experienced extensive deformation and damage due to the significant seepage pressure, which was exacerbated by the absence of timely support. Then, ground grouting was promptly conducted to repair the affected area and reinforce the tunnel structure. Subsequent monitoring of surface deformations following the resumption of tunneling operations indicated the effectiveness of the disaster treatment approach. These achievements constitute a reliable theoretical foundation for similar projects, particularly in terms of environmental protection and ensuring safe construction practices.

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“…Currently, many studies have been carried out to find the penetration grouting diffusion laws of grouting fluids in the injected medium. As early as 1938, Maag studied the penetration diffusion law of Newtonian fluid in isotropic homogeneous medium [2]; Zou analyzed the columnar penetration grouting diffusion radius expression for Newtonian fluid [4]; Uddin, Yang, and Li et al studied the penetration diffusion mechanism of Newton, Bingham, and power-law fluids in sandy stratum [5][6][7][8]; Ye et al discussed the penetration diffusion mechanism and model based on Newtonian fluid, Bingham fluid, and power-law fluid for shield tunnel grouting [9][10][11]; Dayakar and Yang analyzed the penetration diffusion law of Bingham fluid in gravel soil layers [12,13]; Draganovic and Fang et al studied the penetration grouting diffusion law considering the percolation effect [14][15][16]; Tiruoatl, Bolisetti, and Sui et al explored the penetration grouting mechanism of chemical grout in porous media [17][18][19]; Zhou et al analyzed the penetration diffusion model considering the tortuosity effect [20]; Zhang et al explored the penetration grouting diffusion law of quick-setting cement in porous media [21]; Yang et al explored the penetration diffusion laws and mechanisms for Newtonian fluid, Bingham fluid and power-law fluid in the injected media, which were verified by the grouting experiments [22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Coupling Effects between Gravel Soil Porosity and Cement Grout Weight on Diffusion Laws and Morphologies of Penetration Grouting

et al. 2022

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The practice and theory of grouting engineering show that both injected medium porosity and grouting fluid weight play an important influence on the diffusion law and morphology of penetration grouting. However, the effects have not been well studied in the context of existing penetration grouting mechanisms. In this paper, the actual diffusion law and morphology of cement grout into the gravel soil are studied on the basis of indoor experiments, mathematical statistics, and theoretical analyses. Then, the three-dimensional space diffusion trajectory equation was quantitatively characterized. The influence of the coupling effect between gravel soil porosity and cement grout weight on diffusion morphologies of penetration grouting was discussed by the definition of the morphological deviation rate. Results show that actual penetration diffusion dimensions of cement grout into the gravel soil differ from that of theoretical values calculated by the penetration grouting mechanism, and its spatial diffusion morphology is approximated as ellipsoid. The coupling effect between gravel soil porosity and cement grout weight have a relatively significant effect on the diffusion morphologies of penetration grouting except for gravel soil with porosity <0.5 infiltrated by Newton-type and <0.4 by power-law-type cement grout, respectively. This influence is particularly significant when Bingham-type cement grout was penetrated into gravel soil with a porosity of >0.5. The research results can provide theoretical support and technical references for the practical grouting engineering of gravel soil.

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Penetration grouting reinforcement of sandy gravel

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Optimization of the Grout Mix Ratio and Simulation Test of Shield Tail Grouting Similarities in a Water-Rich Fine Sand Layer

Optimization of the Grout Mix Ratio and Simulation Test of Shield Tail Grouting Similarities in a Water-Rich Fine Sand Layer

Sandy aquifer collapse mechanism and accident treatment of the Qingdao metro tunnel

Influence of Coupling Effects between Gravel Soil Porosity and Cement Grout Weight on Diffusion Laws and Morphologies of Penetration Grouting

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