Pelvic Nerve Stimulation Evokes Nitric Oxide Mediated Distal Rectal Relaxation in Pigs

Abstract

Pelvic nerve stimulation evokes distal rectal relaxation in pigs, sensitive to N(G)-nitro-L-arginine, which suggests that this smooth muscle response is mediated by nitric oxide.

Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in Rat Anorectal Tissue after Sacral Neuromodulation

“…Data presented here support other studies about the existence of a complex anorectal motility response to neuromodulation that involve NO [16]. Møller and colleagues have demonstrated that NO mediates relaxation of the distal rectum and the internal sphincter following SNM [24].…”

The effect of colonic tissue electrical stimulation and celiac branch of the abdominal vagus nerve neuromodulation on colonic motility in anesthetized pigs

“…A few additional studies in pigs addressed the influence of the autonomic nervous system on the anorectal function and fecal evacuation by assessing the impact of neuromodulation targeting the pelvic nerve, hypogastric nerve, and sacral nerves. [47][48][49][50] While providing some insight into the potential beneficial effects of neuromodulation, the majority of these studies focused on distal colon. The response of the different colonic regions, to a direct or selective nerve stimulation, has not been simultaneously studied.…”

“…These data confirmed or expanded other preclinical studies performed in healthy 41‐44 or constipation models 45,46 in rodents, cats, and dogs. A few additional studies in pigs addressed the influence of the autonomic nervous system on the anorectal function and fecal evacuation by assessing the impact of neuromodulation targeting the pelvic nerve, hypogastric nerve, and sacral nerves 47‐50 . While providing some insight into the potential beneficial effects of neuromodulation, the majority of these studies focused on distal colon.…”