Pelvic inflammatory disease in the adolescent

BackgroundChlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. Approximately 80% of infected women are asymptomatic, although this infection can lead to serious complications in the female reproductive tract. Few data on Chlamydia infection are available in rural Amazonian communities.ObjectivesTo evaluate the prevalence of sexual C. trachomatis infection in women from Marajó Archipelago communities in the Amazon region of Brazil and to identify associated factors and genotypes.MethodsWe utilized amplification of the ompA gene by nested PCR. Positive samples were genotyped by sequencing. Study participants completed a questionnaire on social, epidemiological, and reproductive health variables. A Poisson regression was used to evaluate the degree of association of these variables with the infection.ResultsThe sexual infection by C. trachomatis was observed in 4% (16/393) of the subjects, and was more often found in women aged ≤25 (14.3%; 95% CI = 2.83–35.47; p <0.001), and in women with a household income of less than one Brazilian monthly minimum wage (5.2%; 95% CI = 1.33–11.37; p = 0.014). The ompA gene was sequenced in 13 samples, revealing F genotypes (38.4%, n = 5), D (23%, n = 3), E (15.3%, n = 2), Ia (7.6%, N = 1), J (7.6%, n = 1) and B (7.6%, n = 1).ConclusionsWe recorded a high prevalence of sexual infection by C. trachomatis in young and poor women from the interior of the Brazilian Amazon. This high prevalence and the frequencies of the main genotypes were similar to those found in major Brazilian urban centers. Our results reinforce the importance of the screening of this neglected infection, and the prevention of later sequelae in young women from rural and urban areas of Brazil.

show abstract

“…trachomatis in this country. This favors the onset of reproductive problems, which can develop slowly and silently [48, 49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of sexual Chlamydia trachomatis infection in young women from Marajó Island, in the Brazilian Amazon

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…34 Niños, adolescentes pre púberes y mujeres que viven con VIH, aunque tengan un riesgo más elevado de enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica y complicaciones, tienen un comportamiento clínico similar generalmente, y deben ser conducidos de la misma forma que la población en general. 59,66,67…”

Section: Poblaciones Especialesunclassified

Protocolo Brasileiro para Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis 2020: doença inflamatória pélvica

Menezes

Giraldo

Linhares

et al. 2021

Epidemiol. Serv. Saúde

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Resumo O tema doença inflamatória pélvica está contemplado no Protocolo Clínico e Diretrizes Terapêuticas para Atenção Integral às Pessoas com Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis, publicado pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil em 2020. A doença inflamatória pélvica é a infecção aguda do trato genital superior feminino decorrente da ascensão canalicular de microrganismos cervicovaginais endógenos e, principalmente, os de transmissão sexual. Entre os agentes etiológicos envolvidos, destacam-se Chlamydia trachomatis e Neisseria gonorrhoeae. As sequelas mais importantes são dor pélvica crônica, infertilidade e gravidez ectópica. O diagnóstico clínico apresenta-se como a abordagem prática mais importante. O tratamento com antibióticos deve ser iniciado imediatamente diante da suspeição clínica. Descrevem-se orientações para gestores e profissionais de saúde sobre testes diagnósticos, tratamento preconizado, seguimento, aconselhamento, notificação, manejo de parcerias sexuais e de populações especiais. Com a maior disponibilidade da técnica de biologia molecular no Brasil, recomenda-se o rastreio de C. trachomatis e N. gonorrhoeae como estratégia preventiva da doença.

show abstract

“…Despite having a higher risk of pelvic inflammatory disease and complications, children, prepubertal adolescents, and women living with HIV have a similar clinical presentation and must be conducted in the same way as the general population 59 , 66 , 67 .…”

Section: Special Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brazilian Protocol for Sexually Transmitted infections, 2020: pelvic inflammatory disease

Menezes

Giraldo

Linhares

et al. 2021

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease is a topic included in the Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines for Comprehensive Care for People with Sexually Transmitted Infections, published by the Brazilian Ministry of Health in 2020. Pelvic inflammatory disease is an upper female genital tract acute infection due to canalicular spread of endogenous cervicovaginal microorganisms and especially the sexually transmitted microorganisms. Standing out among the etiological agents involved are Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The main sequelae are chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. Clinical diagnosis is the most important practical approach. Antibiotic treatment must start immediately after the clinical suspicion. Guidelines for health service managers and health professionals on diagnostic tests, treatment, follow-up, counseling, notification, handling sexual partners and special populations are described. Given the increased availability of the molecular biology techniques in Brazil, C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae screening are recommended as a disease prevention strategy.

show abstract

Pelvic inflammatory disease in the adolescent

Cited by 18 publications

References 76 publications

High prevalence of sexual Chlamydia trachomatis infection in young women from Marajó Island, in the Brazilian Amazon

High prevalence of sexual Chlamydia trachomatis infection in young women from Marajó Island, in the Brazilian Amazon

Protocolo Brasileiro para Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis 2020: doença inflamatória pélvica

Brazilian Protocol for Sexually Transmitted infections, 2020: pelvic inflammatory disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About