Pelagic scyphomedusae (Scyphozoa: Coronatae and Semaeostomeae) of the Southern Ocean

Larson, R. J.

doi:10.1029/ar041p0059

Cited by 56 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For biomass analysis we followed the three categories used by Larson (1986a): gelatinous (Hydromedusae, Scyphomedusae, Siphonophora, Ctenophora and Salps); semigelatinous (Tomopteridae, Pteropoda, Heteropoda and Chaetognatha) and nongelatinous (Euphausiida, Stomatopoda, Caprellida, other Decapoda, Cephalopoda and Pisces). Standing stock was estimated by converting wet weight (ww) into org.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental patterns and biomass distribution of gelatinous macrozooplankton. Three study cases in the South-western Atlantic Ocean

Mianzán¹,

Guerrero²

2000

Sci. Mar.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental patterns and biomass distribution of gelatinous macrozooplankton. Three study cases in the South-western Atlantic Ocean

Mianzán¹,

Guerrero²

2000

Sci. Mar.

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“…Although the Antarctic biota are to a large extent endemic to the Antarctic system (Ekman, 1953;Mackintosh, 1934), several planktonic species extend their distribution to Subantarctic waters approaching the southern tip of South America and enter archipelagic waters (Table 1). Among them, several species of copepods (Marín and Antezana, 1985;Mazzocchi and Ianora, 1991), euphausiids Guglielmo et al, 1997), chaetognaths (Alvariño et al, 1983), siphonophores (Alvariño et al, 1990) and medusae (Larson, 1986) have been found in the southern fjords. Most of these species are surface dwellers of the Antarctic ocean, but others such as Eukrohnia hamata (Möbius 1875) and Spinocalanus terranovae (Damkaer, 1975) are deep living species.…”

Section: Linkages In a Spatial Gradientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plankton of Southern Chilean fjords: trends and linkages

Antezana¹

1999

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY: The present paper compiles and reviews past and recent results from Magellan and Fuegian fjords for an overview of the planktonic assemblage there. It first examines linkages to local, adjacent and remote environments. The plankton assemblage presents deviations from the biota of the Magellan biogeographic Province, where the occasional presence of Antarctic species is related to oceanographic phenomena at the Polar Front. Complex bathymetric and hydrographic features within the fjords suggest that the plankton is rather isolated. Adaptations and constraints for population survival, and the role of diel migrators and gregarious zooplankters with regard to bentho-pelagic coupling are discussed. Results on seasonal differences in the plankton of the largest and most isolated basin of the Strait of Magellan are compiled. In spring the plankton was dominated by large diatoms suggesting a short food chain where most of the phytoplankton bloom goes to the bottom, to the meroplankton and to a few dominant holoplankters. In summer, the phytoplankton was dominated by picoand nanophytoplankton suggesting a more complex food web mediated by a bacterial loop. High abundance of holo-and meroplanktonic larvae coincided with spring blooming conditions. Key words: Estuarine, Subantarctic, adaptations, patterns, seasonal, migration, food webs. RESUMEN: PLANCTON DE LOS FIORDOS DEL SUR DE CHILE: TENDENCIAS Y CONEXIONES. -Este trabajo compila y revisa los resultados pasados y recientes de los fiordos fueguinos y magallánicos para proporcionar una visión integral de la comunidad planctónica. Primero se examinan las conexiones con los ambientes locales adyacentes y remotos. La comunidad planctónica presenta desviaciones de la biota de la Provincia biogeográfica Magallánica, donde la presencia ocasional de especies antárticas se relaciona con fenómenos oceanográficos en el Frente Polar. Rasgos batimétricos e hidrográficos complejos en los fiordos sugieren que el plancton está más bien aislado. Se discuten las adaptaciones y limitaciones para la supervivencia poblacional y el papel de los migradores diarios y del zooplancton gregario con respecto al acoplamiento bentopelágico. Se resumen los resultados sobre diferencias estacionales en el plancton de la más vasta y aislada cuenca del Estrecho de Magallanes. En primavera, el plancton estuvo dominado por diatomeas grandes, sugiriendo una cadena trófica corta, en la que la mayor parte de la biomasa producida va al fondo, al meroplancton y a unos pocos organismos dominantes del holoplancton. En verano, el fitoplancton estuvo dominado por pico-y nanofitoplancton, sugiriendo una red trófica más compleja mediada por un bucle bacteriano. La gran abundancia de larvas holo-y meroplanctónicas coincidió con las condiciones de proliferación primaveral.

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“…Thus, continuous egg release in this species is likely an adaptive trait evolved in response to the natural selection of medusae. Larson (1986) suggested that the coronates Atolla chuni Vanhöffen 1902 and Atolla wyvillei Haeckel 1880 release a few eggs at a time, continuously. Jarms et al (1999) believe that the life cycle of Periphylla periphylla (Péron and Lesueur 1809) lasts for some decades, and may be related to continuous and scanty egg release.…”

Section: Oogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following the hypothesis of Berrill (1949), Larson (1986) suggested that large eggs would indicate direct development (see Table 2), based on medusae of P. periphylla and Atolla species. Recently, Jarms et al (1999) described the holopelagic life cycle of P. periphylla, which agrees with the hypothesis of Berrill and Larson (large eggs -direct development).…”

Section: Oogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual reproduction of <i>Nausithoe aurea</i> (Scyphozoa, Coronatae). Gametogenesis, egg release, embryonic development, and gastrulation

Morandini¹,

Silveira²

2001

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY: The structure of the ovaries and testes of Nausithoe aurea, reared in the laboratory, is described to update the knowledge of coronate scyphomedusae gametogenesis and early development. The testis is similar to those of other scyphozoans. The organization of the ovary agrees with the description for other coronates, with free oocytes in the mesoglea. The oocytes develop in a limited region of the gastrodermis, and a maturation gradient is observed from this point on. Egg release, embryonic development, and gastrulation mode of Nausithoe aurea are also described. Egg production was continuous for 55 days, and the output of released eggs oscillated without observed cue. Cleavage was holoblastic and adequal, but after the 8-cell stage, the cleavage became pseudospiral. Gastrulation occurred through multipolar ingression and began 24 hours after fertilization.

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Pelagic scyphomedusae (Scyphozoa: Coronatae and Semaeostomeae) of the Southern Ocean

Cited by 56 publications

References 34 publications

Environmental patterns and biomass distribution of gelatinous macrozooplankton. Three study cases in the South-western Atlantic Ocean

Environmental patterns and biomass distribution of gelatinous macrozooplankton. Three study cases in the South-western Atlantic Ocean

Plankton of Southern Chilean fjords: trends and linkages

Sexual reproduction of <i>Nausithoe aurea</i> (Scyphozoa, Coronatae). Gametogenesis, egg release, embryonic development, and gastrulation

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