Sexual reproduction of &lt;i&gt;Nausithoe aurea&lt;/i&gt; (Scyphozoa, Coronatae). Gametogenesis, egg release, embryonic development, and gastrulation

Morandini, André C.; Silveira, Fábio Lang da

doi:10.3989/scimar.2001.65n2139

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Cnidaria are simple organisms consisting of an endoderm and ectoderm, between which is a largely acellular and watery ‘mesogloea’ that defines their gelatinous body. The Scyphozoa, or ‘true’ jellyfish, exhibit alternation of generations between a sexually reproductive phase, the medusa, and an asexual phase, the polyp [82]. The medusae are typically dioecious.…”

Section: Experimental System: the Moon Jellyfish Aurelia Auritamentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy, ageing, fidelity and sex: oocyte mitochondrial DNA as a protected genetic template

Paula

Lucas

Agip

et al. 2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oxidative phosphorylation couples ATP synthesis to respiratory electron transport. In eukaryotes, this coupling occurs in mitochondria, which carry DNA. Respiratory electron transport in the presence of molecular oxygen generates free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are mutagenic. In animals, mutational damage to mitochondrial DNA therefore accumulates within the lifespan of the individual. Fertilization generally requires motility of one gamete, and motility requires ATP. It has been proposed that oxidative phosphorylation is nevertheless absent in the special case of quiescent, template mitochondria, that these remain sequestered in oocytes and female germ lines and that oocyte mitochondrial DNA is thus protected from damage, but evidence to support that view has hitherto been lacking. Here we show that female gametes of Aurelia aurita, the common jellyfish, do not transcribe mitochondrial DNA, lack electron transport, and produce no free radicals. In contrast, male gametes actively transcribe mitochondrial genes for respiratory chain components and produce ROS. Electron microscopy shows that this functional division of labour between sperm and egg is accompanied by contrasting mitochondrial morphology. We suggest that mitochondrial anisogamy underlies division of any animal species into two sexes with complementary roles in sexual reproduction. We predict that quiescent oocyte mitochondria contain DNA as an unexpressed template that avoids mutational accumulation by being transmitted through the female germ line. The active descendants of oocyte mitochondria perform oxidative phosphorylation in somatic cells and in male gametes of each new generation, and the mutations that they accumulated are not inherited. We propose that the avoidance of ROS-dependent mutation is the evolutionary pressure underlying maternal mitochondrial inheritance and the developmental origin of the female germ line.

show abstract

Section: Experimental System: the Moon Jellyfish Aurelia Auritamentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy, ageing, fidelity and sex: oocyte mitochondrial DNA as a protected genetic template

Paula

Lucas

Agip

et al. 2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Findings thus far suggest that the vast majority of staurozoans, cubozoans, and scyphozoans are gonochoristic (i.e., polyps give rise to medusae of a single sex) (Fig. B) (Berrill, ; Arai, ; Morandini and Da Silveira, ; Straehler‐Pohl et al, ), although sequential hermaphroditism has been reported in the scyphozoan Chrysaora hyoscella (Berrill, ).…”

Section: Cnidarian Sexual Systems: Multiple Transitions Between Gonocmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex, polyps, and medusae: Determination and maintenance of sex in cnidarians

Siebert

Juliano

2016

Molecular Reproduction Devel

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYMechanisms of sex determination vary greatly among animals. Here we survey what is known in Cnidaria, the clade that forms the sister group to Bilateria and shows a broad array of sexual strategies and sexual plasticity. This observed diversity makes Cnidaria a well-suited taxon for the study of the evolution of sex determination, as closely related species can have different mechanisms, which allows for comparative studies. In this review, we survey the extensive descriptive data on sexual systems (e.g., gonochorism and hermaphroditism) and the plasticity of sex in various cnidarian taxa. Within Cnidaria, hydrozoans (e.g., Hydra, Hydractinia, and Clytia) are the best understood in regard to mechanistic determination and maintenance of sex, largely due to the discovery of the interstitial stem cells, which give rise to the germ cells. We also present a hypothesis for the evolution of the various sexual systems that are observed in Hydra. Finally, given the rapid advances in genome sequencing and editing, several exciting possible future directions for increasing our understanding of sex determination mechanisms in cnidarians are discussed.

show abstract

“…Published observations of Nausithoe aurea showed that Scyphistomae remained alive within their blocked tubes for over 13 months and that Atorella vanhoeffeni polyp strains kept in cultures survived for almost 40 years under laboratory conditions (Silveira et al, 2003). Morandini & Silveira (2001a, 2001b induced strobilation of N. aurea scyphistomae by offering them a surplus of available food. Unpublished data assured that, in laboratories, this coronate species always strobilates following large food availability since the surplus of energy stored by the polyps results in strobilation if there is not an annual regulation pattern (sensu Werner, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The survival of Nausithoe aurea Silveira & Morandini, 1997(Cnidaria, Scyphozoa, Coronatae) under extended periods of starvation

Stampar¹,

Silveira²

2006

Investig. mar.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The results of quantitative and qualitative starvation experiments with Nausithoe aurea polyps in natural and artificial seawater were compared. For this study, Scyphistomae growing on stony coral debris in the São Sebastião Channel (Brazil) were sampled by SCUBA divers. The data obtained reinforce the hypothesis about rearing differences between natural and artificial seawater. Some polyps showed better results in natural seawater than those in artificial seawater, with the former but not the latter surviving until the end of the experiment (155 days). These results suggest that Coronatae polyps use dissolved organic matter, which contributes to the survival of Nausithoe aurea polyps. During the experiments, the reaction of individual scyphistoma to gentle stimulation with forceps in the middle part of the periderm tube was also observed.La sobrevivencia de Nausithoe aurea Silveira & Morandini, 1997 (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa, Coronatae) en periodos prolongados de ayuno* RESUMEN. Mediante resultados cuali y cuantitativos se comparan experimentos sin alimento de pólipos de Nausithoe aurea en agua de mar natural y artificial. Se utilizaron pólipos colectados sobre restos de corales en la región del canal de São Sebastião (Brasil) mediante buceo autónomo con SCUBA. Se comprobaron diferencias en el cultivo entre los métodos utilizados. Algunos pólipos cultivados en agua natural mostraron mejores condiciones que los cultivados en agua artificial. Los pólipos en agua natural llegaron hasta el final de los experimentos (155 días), mientras que los cultivados en agua artificial no sobrevivieron hasta el final. Estos resultados sugieren el uso de materia orgánica disuelta por pólipos de Coronatae, la cual contribuye a mantener vivos los pólipos de N. aurea. Durante los experimentos se observó la reacción de los escifistoma frente a estímulos efectuados en la parte media del peridermia.

show abstract

Sexual reproduction of <i>Nausithoe aurea</i> (Scyphozoa, Coronatae). Gametogenesis, egg release, embryonic development, and gastrulation

Cited by 30 publications

References 21 publications

Energy, ageing, fidelity and sex: oocyte mitochondrial DNA as a protected genetic template

Energy, ageing, fidelity and sex: oocyte mitochondrial DNA as a protected genetic template

Sex, polyps, and medusae: Determination and maintenance of sex in cnidarians

The survival of Nausithoe aurea Silveira & Morandini, 1997(Cnidaria, Scyphozoa, Coronatae) under extended periods of starvation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About