Peirce and Foucault on Time and History: The Tasks of (Dis)continuity

Abstract

Some have recognized an affinity between Pragmatist thought and that of Foucault, though this affinity is typically cashed out in terms of William James and John Dewey and not Charles Sanders Peirce. This article argues that bringing Foucault and Peirce into collaboration not only shows the relevance of Peirce for Foucault, and vice versa, but also enriches the thought of both thinkers—indeed, it also reveals important implications for the theory of history more generally. Specifically, the article crosses the Peircean concept of habit and the Foucauldian concept of practice (as it operates in the arenas of discourse, power, and self), ultimately decoding them in terms of an account of time that derives from Peirce and that gives a fundamental role to discontinuity. In this way the article shows how Peirce can provide Foucault with an account of time that buttresses and grounds his genealogical approach to history, while at the same time revealing how Foucault can provide Peirce with an account of history. The synergy between the two thinkers offers a way to think about the nature of history that goes beyond what each thinker individually provided.

Can semiotics be used to drive paradigm changes in medical education?

“…Hence, the key diff erentiation here is that the genealogical method of Foucault is much more historically-based (a-priori) than the sociological approach of Bourdieu or even Bachelard. That being said, the Foucauldian conception of paradigm change, with a greater historical emphasis may position us closer to Peirce (Cardoso 2016), with a greater emphasis on materiality than social structures (Keane 2003).…”

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“…Revisaremos, en primera instancia, la relación entre la investigación semiótica en torno a los procesos de significación y su vinculación con el planteamiento foucaultiano acerca del poder. Partiendo de dos regímenes de pensamiento distintos, nos proponemos defender, como han señalado diversos autores (Cardoso, 2016;De Lauretis, 1994Garnar, 2006), la pertinencia de la conexión entre el pensamiento de Peirce y Foucault, reconociendo la importancia de establecer vínculos entre la reflexión en torno a los signos y las teorías que se ocupan del sujeto. En este sentido, a lo largo del texto planteamos cómo la reflexión semiótica requiere de una formulación explícita que atienda a la problemática del poder y su impacto en la formación de los procesos subjetivos.…”

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“…33 Ver a última seção deste capítulo. 34 Este útil termo é empregado por Hélio Rebello Cardoso Jr. (2016) no artigo -Peirce and Foucault on time and history‖. Em relação a este aspecto de nossa argumentação, o autor mostra que, para Foucault, toda uma série de práticas (vários regimes de conhecimento, medicina, prisões, escolas, sexualidade...) que ele estudou ao longo da vida são sedimentadas por hábitos (no sentido de Peirce) em que vibra uma instabilidade constitutiva (2016: 29).…”