PEG micronization by supercritical assisted atomization, operated under reduced pressure

Precipitation parameters and the cytotoxicity of chitosan hydrochloride microparticles production by supercritical assisted atomization

“…Therefore, the discrepancy in overestimated DLS data resulted from the expected agglomerates formation, but the trend of the effects of SAA parameters on the mean CH particle sizes was consistent with that of the effects of parameters in the FESEM analyses. Similar results were reported previously [26,32,33]. …”

“…4 and 5, the second effect was observed in the present study; thus, smaller particles were obtained with a lower solution concentration. Similar results have been reported for relevant SAA processes [15,[18][19][20]24,25,32,33]. The effect of saturator temperature (T S ) in the range of 313.2 to 363.2 K (Table 1, runs #C1, #C5-#C7) on the CH particle size is shown in Fig.…”

Supercritical Assisted Atomization of emulsions for encapsulation of 1-monoacylglycerols in an hydrophilic carrier

“…Nevertheless, X-ray data proved that the 1-MAG/PVA microparticles show higher crystallinity than the micronized PVA, which is clearly visible from Table 6, as well as from the shape of the peaks in XRD spectra. This effect occurs if the material to be micronized has a very fast crystallization rate and the molecules can arrange their structure before the drying process is completed [37,51]. Reproducibility of SAA micronization process was very good as confirmed by the low standard deviation of crystallinity being of the order of tenths of a percent ( Table 6, values given in parentheses).…”

“…To facilitate the evaporation of the liquid droplets formed by atomization, a controlled flow of N 2 is heated in electric heat exchanger to 120 °C and delivered into the precipitator. This temperature was chosen on the basis of previous experience on SAA micronization of polymers [37,39,44]. The dry powder is collected with a 0.1 μm pore size stainless steel filter located at the bottom of the precipitator, whereas, the gaseous stream passes through the filter and reaches the condenser where the liquid is separated from the gas mixture (CO 2 and N 2 ).…”

“…In addition, micron-and submicron-sized particles with controlled particle size ranging between 0.05 and 5 µm can be obtained. SAA has been successfully used for the micronization of pharmaceuticals [15,16,35,36], polymers and copolymers [34,[37][38][39]. Moreover, this technique has been applied to the production of co-precipitates where carrier and active substance were dissolved in the same solvent [27,28,30].…”