Pediatric Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Taiwan Following a National Catch-up Program With the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine

Abstract

The 13-valent PCV catch-up program was associated with a significant decrease in serotype 19A IPD incidence in 2013, primarily in children eligible for the 13-valent PCV immunization. Continued surveillance is necessary to assess the further impact of the national catch-up program on pediatric IPD epidemiology in Taiwan.

Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen activation as a predictor for clinical outcome of pediatric patients with invasive pneumococcal disease

“…This is compatible with other retrospective studies, which showed that Sp-HUS most commonly developed 7e9 days (usually 3e13 days) after the onset of IPD. 6 In our cases, the TA-positive group had a significantly longer duration of anemia. The positive group also had a higher rate of AKI, suggesting that stronger neuraminidase activity was responsible for injury in this group and thus prolonged the disease course and hospitalization.…”

“…4,5 In Taiwan, the annual incidence is 32 cases per 100,000 population, with the highest incidence in the 2e4 years age group. 6 S. pneumoniae-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (Sp-HUS) is recognized as one of the severe complications in IPD patients, and it manifests as hemolytic anemia, acute kidney injury (AKI) and thrombocytopenia. 7 Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TA; Galb1-3GalNAc) exposure, due to pneumococcal neuraminidase activity, had been described as the core pathogenesis of Sp-HUS, and previous study also proved TA was a positive predictor for Sp-HUS.…”

Pneumococcal serotype distribution: A snapshot of recent data in pediatric and adult populations around the world

“…Despite the availability of PCV, among the 21 studies assessing IPD among children, serotypes included in PCV accounted for >60% of the total serotypes in 11 reports. 6,11,12,14,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Serotype 19A was among the most commonly identified in all of the geographic regions included in this review. In addition, serotypes 1 and 14 were prominent in Europe and Latin America and serotypes 6B, 14 and 19F were important in Africa-East Mediterranean, demonstrating geographic variations in the prevalence of PCV serotypes among pediatric IPD cases.…”

Clinical features and outcomes of invasive pneumococcal disease in a pediatric intensive care unit

“…IPD results in high global morbidity and mortality each year [ 2 ], but it is a vaccine-preventable disease [ 3 – 5 ]. Its incidence decreased after the introduction of a seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in the private sector in Taiwan in October 2005 [ 6 , 7 ]. The estimated coverage rate of PCV7 vaccination was 5.7 % in 2006 and 45.5 % in 2010 among children <5 years of age.…”