Peculiarities of the selection of soft winter steppe ecotype wheat varieties in connection with climate change in the conditions of Southern Ukraine

Lyfenko, S. P.; Nakonechnyj, M.; Нарган, Т. П.

doi:10.31073/agrovisnyk202103-07

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…), з іншого, погано інтерполюється прямою лінією. Відомо, що залежність урожайності від обох цих ознак параболічна, і найвищою продуктивністю характеризуються середньоранні лінії з оптимальною для конкрет-них умов висотою рослин [2]. Отже, пізньостиглість деяких ліній (табл.…”

Section: результати та обговоренняunclassified

“…Значна частина наявних в Україні агротехнологій ґрунтується на інтенсивному використанні генетичних ресурсів рослин, завдяки чому вдалося набагато збільшити потенційну врожайність пшениці м'якої озимої (Triticum aestivum L.) і таким чином значно перевершити рубіж 100 ц/га [1,2]. На жаль, разом із зростанням продуктивності сучасних сортів суттєво загострилася проблема генетичного підвищення їх стійкості до впливу біотичних та абіотичних стресових чинників, які можуть істотно знижувати врожай [3,4].…”

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Assessment of wheat wide hybridization derivatives for agronomic traits and disease resistance in drought conditions

Motsnyi¹,

Molodchenkova²,

Нарган³

et al. 2022

Fakt. eksp. evol. org.

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Aim. To determine the breeding value of wheat wide hybridization derivatives by studying the resistance to diseases, protein content and yield, productivity and drought resistance index. Methods. Growing plants in favorable conditions, environments of acute drought and under infection background of wheat rusts was combined with the laboratory methods for determining weight of 1000 kernels and protein content. Results. Disease resistance has depended on the pathogen species and the source of alien variability. The drought resistance index is mainly determined by the yield of the material in drought conditions (r = –0.65***) and to a lesser extent depends on the yield under normal environments (r = 0.27**). Conclusions. Resistance to leaf or yellow rust has been successfully transferred from all sources involved in hybridization, but to stem rust – mainly from the sample, containing the translocation 1BL.1RS in the karyotype and T. timopheevii in pedigree. When determining the drought resistance of the material, it is necessary to take into account not only the drought resistance index, but also its yield in favorable environments. The parameters of protein yield and absolute protein content in 1000 kernels should be used for the selection of promising breeding lines. The perspective lines with group disease resistance, high values of WTK, protein content, yield and drought resistance have been selected. Lines with leaf pubescence from T. timopheevii were characterized by low productivity.

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Section: результати та обговоренняunclassified

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Assessment of wheat wide hybridization derivatives for agronomic traits and disease resistance in drought conditions

Motsnyi¹,

Molodchenkova²,

Нарган³

et al. 2022

Fakt. eksp. evol. org.

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“…Successful development of breeding work in this area is impossible without the gene pool of stable forms. Recently, against the background of the increase in the price of fungicidal preparations, on the one hand, and the ecological crisis of the biosphere, on the other hand, the search for new effective sources of resistance to diseases has become especially important (Kholod et al, 2015;Lyfenko, 1988). Among the genetic resources of wheat, there are genotypes described by resistance against several pathogens at the same time, and therefore have special value as sources of group resistance ( Kovalyshyna, 2012).…”

Section: Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the source material resistant to Fusarium head blight and root rot for the selection of winter wheat

Murashko,

Mukha,

Kovalyshyna

et al. 2021

Rosl. g̀runtozn.

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Diseases of winter wheat considerably reduce the yield and quality of grain. Losses of the gross grain harvest from them annually amount to 20-30%, and in epiphytotic years – 50%. An effective measure to limit the development of winter wheat diseases is the introduction of varieties that are resistant to their damage. Successful development of breeding work in this area is impossible without the use of a gene pool of stable forms. Among the genetic resources of wheat, there are genotypes described by resistance against several pathogens at the same time, and therefore have special value as sources of group resistance. There is a constant need to identify new sources and donors of resistance against pathogens, the search for which is an urgent area of research and requires constant screening of the gene pool. In the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat, work is constantly being carried out to create the initial breeding material of winter wheat, resistant to the main pathogens, which will be used by breeders in the future. According to the selection program for resistance against fusarium head blight and root rot, the following lines were created: Lutescens F. g. 163/19, Erythrospermum F. g. 164/19, Erythrospermum F. g. 166/19, Erythrospermum S. h. 177/19, Erythrospermum S. h. 175/19, which are used by breeders of the institute and have been transferred to the National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine. The line Erythrospermum F. g. 164/19 was selected according to the “duration of the growing season” indicator, with a growing season of 238 days, which is 3 days less than the Podolyanka standard variety. It belongs to the group of early-maturing forms. High TGW indicators were noted in the lines Erythrospermum F. g. 164/19 – 50.6 g, Erythrospermum F. g. 166/19 – 49.3 g, Erythrospermum F. g. 163/19 – 46.5 g, and Erythrospermum C. h. 177/19 – 47.3 g. In terms of productivity, the following lines exceeded the standard: Lutescens F. g. 163/19 – by 38.8 g/m2, Erythrospermum C. h. 177/19 – by 39.6 g/m2, Erythrospermum C. h. 175/19 – by 26.7 g/m2. Lines Erythrospermum F. g. 166/19 and Erythrospermum C. h. 177/19 were distinguished by their high-protein content – 16.5% and 15.8%, respectively. The highest level of gluten content in grain was recorded in the line Erythrospermum F. g. 166/19 – 41.2%. The best lines in terms of sedimentation are: Lutescens F. g. 163/19 – 70 ml, Erythrospermum F. g. 164/19 – 67 ml, Erythrospermum F. g. 166/19 – 71 ml. It was established that the Lutescens line F. g. 163/19 showed elevated resistance against the causative agent of powdery mildew (damage – 1.0%) and septoria leaf blotch (damage – 3.0%). Fusarium head blight damage did not exceed 5.0%. Erythrospermum F. g. 166/19 was resistant to two pathogens (fusarium head blight, powdery mildew), while Erythrospermum F. g. 164/19 was resistant to fusarium head blight and septoria leaf blotch. The lines created under the program of resistance against root rot Erythrospermum C. h. 177/19 and Erythrospermum C. h. 175/19 showed relative resistance to this pathogen – 10.0% and 10.5% damage, respectively, and had high resistance to powdery mildew – 2.0% damage

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“…A significant part of the existing breeding efforts aims at improving the grain yield and quality of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The exploitation of available genetic diversity contributed to the increase of grain yield potential over 10 t ha -1 (Morgun et al, 2014;Lytvynenko, 2016a;Lyfenko et al, 2021). For example, in experimental trials, in favourable conditions under a very high level of fertilisation, the grain yield potential of PBGI-NCSCI cultivars 'Knyaginya Olga' and 'Lira' was 11.74 and 12.57 t ha -1, respectively (Lytvynenko, 2016b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A significant deterioration of grain yield and quality causes the evolution of more pathogenic disease (Wellings, 2011;O'Driscoll et al, 2014;Soko et al, 2018;Mourad et al, 2021) in combination with global climate change (Juroszek, von Tiedemann, 2013;Lewis et al, 2018;Miedaner, Juroszek, 2021). Addressing this problem requires development of genotypes resistant to biotic factors and drought (Lopes et al, 2015;Lytvynenko, 2016b;Bhatta et al, 2019;Lyfenko et al, 2021). For breeding of new wheat cultivars with more superior characteristics, wide hybridisation has been successfully used (Dempewolf et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2020;Sharma et al, 2021).…”

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confidence: 99%

Disease resistance and adaptation of winter wheat lines derived from wide hybridisation under arid environments

Motsnyi

Lytvynenko

Gоlub

et al. 2022

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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A combination of fungal diseases and drought can cause significant yield losses of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). It is known that alien traits introduced through wide hybridisation contribute to breeding of cultivars with a higher yield potential in arid environments. In this study, the impact of alien genes on the main agronomic traits in the arid environments of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine was analysed. The lines were grown under the arid conditions in 5 and 10 m 2 plots in the 2019-2021 growing seasons. Eight agronomic and six plant pathological traits were assessed and subjected to statistical analysis to comprehend the diversity and connections between the features. Due to the successful introgression of alien genes from all sources involved in hybridisation, most of lines were resistant to one of the rust species. The lines derived from the genotype containing the translocation 1BL.1RS in the karyotype and Triticum timopheevii in the pedigree were resistant to all rust species. There was a negative correlation between the protein content and grain yield in 2020 (r = −0.40***), and a weak positive correlation was found between the grain yield and resistance to yellow rust (R sp = 0.19* in 2019 and R sp = 0.26*** in 2020) or tolerance to Septoria leaf blotch (R sp = 0.27***). Under drought conditions, the grain yield reduced by 32.5% in 2020 and ca. 70% in 2021. The lines containing alien genes Lr42 and Hs showed a higher grain yield than the recurrent and standard ones. For further breeding, eighteen lines with a high TKW, protein content, and grain yield, and resistance to drought or disease were identified, and four promising drought-tolerant lines have been selected.

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Peculiarities of the selection of soft winter steppe ecotype wheat varieties in connection with climate change in the conditions of Southern Ukraine

Abstract: Особливості селекції сортів пшениці м'якої озимої степового екотипу у зв'язку зі змінами клімату в умовах Півдня України 53

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of wheat wide hybridization derivatives for agronomic traits and disease resistance in drought conditions

Assessment of wheat wide hybridization derivatives for agronomic traits and disease resistance in drought conditions

Characteristics of the source material resistant to Fusarium head blight and root rot for the selection of winter wheat

Disease resistance and adaptation of winter wheat lines derived from wide hybridisation under arid environments

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