Peculiarities of Autonomous and Thyroidal State in School Children Under Different Intensity of Educational Process

Background. An urgent task of age-related physiology is to study the functional state of the body of school-age children in cognitive activity due to the large academic load and the use of information and computer technologies in the educational process to identify the characteristics of the reactivity of the body of students when performing cognitive load of various types, including on electronic devices, is necessary for the organization of the school educational environment.The aim. To assess the nature of vegetative, cardiovascular and hormonal reactivity in cognitive load of various types in school-age children.Materials and methods. By methods of heart rate variability analysis, electrocardiography, tonometry and enzyme immunoassay of cortisol in saliva, 117 school-age children were examined while performing cognitive load of various types.Results. There is a change in heart rate variability indicators while performing cognitive load. Oral counting causes an increase in sympathetic influences on the heart rate with a decrease in parasympathetic activity, as well as a shift in the vagosympathetic balance. Operation on the electronic devices causes a decrease in the total power density of the spectrum and an increase in the index of low-frequency and highfrequency vibrations ratio due to a decrease in parasympathetic activity. Two types of reaction were revealed: type I – an increase in the concentration of cortisol in saliva, an increase in sympathetic effects on Heart rate with a simultaneous decrease in parasympathetic activity (counting), a decrease in the total power of the spectrum density (laptop), a decrease in parasympathetic activity (tablet). Type II – a decrease in hormone levels and a decrease in very low-frequency vibrations and parasympathetic activity, regardless of the type of load presentedConclusion. The results obtained indicate that the nature of the reactivity of heart rate indicators and the stress hormone cortisol in students depends not so much on which electronic device it is performed on, but on the type of cognitive load.

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Heart rate variability and cortisol levels in school-age children with different cognitive tests

Догадкина

Ермакова

Adamovskaya

et al. 2022

Acta biomedica scientifica

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Analysis of Participation of Schoolchildren in Extracurricular Activities and the Health Aspect of their Routine: Results of a Sociological Survey

Novikova¹,

Zubtsovskaya²,

Ivleva³

2022

PH&LE

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Introduction: Extracurricular activities are an important tool of preparing children for a successful life, setting essential core values, and identifying professional preferences. Student participation in after-school educational programs determines the density of elements contributing to acquiring new skills, knowledge, and physical capabilities in their daily routine. Objective: To assess the coverage of schoolchildren with supplementary education and to give a hygienic assessment of their extracurricular activities. Materials and methods: We analyzed data of the Internet-based survey of over 46,000 schoolchildren from 64 regions of the Russian Federation conducted in January – March 2021 using a standard Excel package and Statistica 10. Results: We estimated a smaller coverage of schoolchildren of all age groups with after-school sports (33.1–43.0 %) than with other types of activities, including circles/sections and studios (39.4–62.6 %). We established that 35 % of the respondents did not participate in extracurricular activities at all, with the largest and smallest proportions of such students in grades 9–11 (45.5–47.3 %) and grades 3–5 (27.7%–28.4 %), respectively. On average, 17.6 % of the respondents reported having regular classes with a tutor; the proportion of children attending tutorials was higher among school graduates and tended to increase with school age from 7.5 to 46.2 %. The proportion of eleventh graders studying with tutors was 35.9 % higher than that attending sports clubs. It should be noted that 20.7 % of the respondents reported having no walk on school days, except walking to school and back home, and the share of such children increased with age. Conclusion: Our study revealed age-specific characteristics of extracurricular activities and leisure of schoolchildren, availability and demand for supplementary educational services, and demonstrated the lack of skills of effective after-school time planning in modern students.

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Reactivity of the autonomic nervous system in children of younger school age with mental retardation

Смирнова¹,

Ovcharenko²,

Каспаров³

et al. 2023

Hygiene and Sanitation

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Introduction. The functioning of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) to some extent affects various aspects of human health and general well-being. One of the main ANS functions is to ensure adaptation to the factors of the external and internal environment, carried out by the coordinated activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic links. Determining the predominant type of ANS reactivity according to the characteristics of the heart rhythm makes it possible to predict the adaptive capabilities of the child’s body in the learning process in a personalized way. The aim of the study was to study the trend in heart rate variability in children with special health conditions associated with disorders of the intellectual development, which characterizes the implementation of mechanisms for adapting the body to the conditions of schooling. Materials and methods. We examined one hundred sixty eight 7–11 years children of primary school age, including 54 children with special health abilities (SHA) (F70, F71), and 114 mentally healthy children. The study of heart rate variability was carried out using the hardware-software complex “ORTO Valeo”. There was analyzed TP, HF, LF, VLF, LF / HF; RMSSD, SDNN, Mo, AMo, ΔX, IN, AMo / Mo, Amo / ΔX; type of vegetative regulation. Results. In SHA children of primary school age, the LF, VLF, LF / HF indices are increased and HF is decreased relative to the control group, which indicates the predominance of the sympathetic link of the autonomic nervous system over the parasympathetic. When analyzing the spectral components in SHA children of primary school age, VLF (40.6%) and low HF (19.6%) dominate. According to the types of autonomic regulation in SHA children, the following ratio was found 50: 4: 33: 13, the central type of cardiac regulation dominates (type I). Limitations. The limitation of the study is due to the specifics of the individuals in the observation group – children of primary school age (7–11 years) with special health opportunities associated with mental retardation. Conclusion. SHA children of primary school age have high activity of sympathetic modulation, reduced resistance to stress, high tension of adaptive responses with the dominance of the central type of regulation of the cardiac activity. The revealed imbalance of the parameters of autonomic regulation in SHA children without corrective measures (including correction of physical status, psychoemotional and educational loads) threatens the development of a breakdown of adaptive responses to the effects of various internal and external factors, contributing to asthenization of regulatory systems.

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Peculiarities of Autonomous and Thyroidal State in School Children Under Different Intensity of Educational Process

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Heart rate variability and cortisol levels in school-age children with different cognitive tests

Heart rate variability and cortisol levels in school-age children with different cognitive tests

Analysis of Participation of Schoolchildren in Extracurricular Activities and the Health Aspect of their Routine: Results of a Sociological Survey

Reactivity of the autonomic nervous system in children of younger school age with mental retardation

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