Pay and benefit satisfaction, perceived organizational support, and turnover intentions: The moderating role of job variety

Living with Infection Risk and Job Insecurity during COVID-19: The Relationship of Organizational Support, Organizational Commitment, and Turnover Intention

“…First, we determined that OS has a negative effect on TI in the analyses, carried out in line with the hypotheses of the study. This finding is in accordance with those of Asghar et al [ 24 ] in Pakistan; Guna and Satrya [ 32 ] in Bali, Indonesia; Jolly et al [ 33 ] in the USA; and Raza et al [ 44 ] in Lahor, Pakistan, where hospitality employees were investigated as well. To acquire the expected results from OS, support must be offered correctly and at the right time [ 69 ].…”

“…Therefore, the findings of this study provide specific contributions to the theoretical field by presenting detailed outcomes as per the level of being affected by the crisis. Secondly, the positive effect of OS on OC and its negative effect of TI has been revealed in prior studies [24,[29][30][31][32][33], which presented results similar to the findings of this study. In addition, Wang and Wang [69] stated that the effect of OS will be much more powerful when it is provided at the right time.…”

“…We believe that providing support to employees in the tourism sector who have been adversely affected by the pandemic, reducing their TI, and increasing their organizational commitment (OC) will provide various advantages. Numerous studies in the literature regarding the pandemic revealed remarkable results such as OS increasing OC [ 29 , 30 , 31 ], and OS [ 24 , 32 , 33 ] and OC [ 34 , 35 , 36 ] decreasing TI. Still, we believe that examining the links between OS, OC, and TI in detail and in relation with employees’ infection status and perceived JI is also very important, because the perceived OS, level of OC, and TI of employees, who were infected during the pandemic, will differ from those who were not infected, despite the direct exposure of both groups to the crisis.…”

“…Park et al [ 68 ] conducted a study on restaurant employees, where they found that OS increases life satisfaction of employees, which also negatively affects TI. Many studies in this regard can be found in the literature from different countries and in different fields, as they were conducted during the pandemic [ 24 , 33 , 44 , 69 ], and they all conclude that OS has a negative effect on TI. Based on these findings in the literature, we propose the following first hypothesis of the study:…”

How Does Employee–Organization Relationship Affect Work Engagement and Work Well-Being of Knowledge-Based Employees?

“…Perceived organizational support had a significant relationship with WWB. In other words, this means that supportive work environments should foster frontline employees’ psychological empowerment, as well as their WE and service-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors ( Meira and Hancer, 2021 ), using creative means to develop the EOR when organizations cannot increase pay will increase WWB ( Jolly et al, 2021 ). Thus, we propose the following hypotheses:…”