Patrones de diversidad alfa en tres fragmentos de bosques montanos en la región norte de los Andes, Colombia

Abstract:We identified and quantified regional and local environmental factors and spatial variation associated with tree-species composition across a 2000-m altitudinal gradient of Andean forest in north-western Argentina. A network of 47 1-ha plots was established along the altitudinal gradient within an area of about 25 000 km2; all trees ≥ 10 cm dbh were identified and measured. Constrained ordinations and variance-partitioning analyses were performed to investigate the determinants of tree-species distribution at the regional scale, across and within forest types (i.e. dry and cloud forests). We marked and measured a total of 22 240 trees belonging to 160 species. Significant environmental factors and spatial location combined accounted for 35% of total variation explained. A high proportion of variation was explained by climatic factors that were spatially structured; after removing the spatial effect, climate explained more variation in species composition across the complete gradient than did local factors. Relative importance of regional and local factors varied with geographic extent. Local factors explained more variation in tree-species composition at the within-forest scale than at the scale of the complete gradient. Our findings support the conceptual model of multi-scale controls on vegetation distribution, where local community composition and abundance result from processes at both regional and local scales.

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“…1997, Morales et al . 1995), but few have considered explicit links to potential explanatory factors (Aragón & Morales 2003, Lopez & Duque 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree species distribution in Andean forests: influence of regional and local factors

et al. 2011

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“…Nótese que los porcentajes de especies indeterminadas estuvieron entre 25-30%, el cual se considera dentro de los rangos esperados para este tipo de estudios (Ruokolainen et al 2002), lo cual le resta a su vez incertidumbre a este aspecto. Por este motivo, la más plausible explicación para tan alta riqueza de especies se puede adjudicar a la posición biogeográfica de estos bosques localizados en el puente conector entre América del Sur y América Central, que se caracterizan por un alto endemismo y diversidad (Gentry 1982, López & Duque 2010. De hecho, estudios de mamíferos y aves realizados en esta misma zona, (Cuadros 1997) han, a su vez, reportado registros y valores de diversidad en la misma línea de los reportados en este estudio para plantas leñosas.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…En los bosques de montaña de los Andes (por encima de los 1 800msnm), la alta variación ambiental parece promover cambios abruptos en la estructura, composición y dinámica de la vegetación, incluso a escalas espaciales relativamente pequeñas (Homeier et al 2010, López & Duque 2010, Rangel-Ch et al 2005.…”

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Diversidad y dinámica de un bosque subandino de altitud en la región norte de los Andes colombianos

Restrepo

Maniguaje

Duque

2012

RBT

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Diversity and dynamics of a high sub-Andean forest from Northern Andes, Colombia. The sub-Andean forests are characterized by a high biodiversity, but little is known about their natural dynamics. In order to generate new information, this study assessed two permanent plots of one hectare each, in the Northern Andean area of the Western Cordillera, Colombia. Methodology included the evaluation of diversity patterns, above ground biomass (AGB) dynamics, and mortality and recruitment rates. Besides, we used the Fisher´s Alpha index to calculate species diversity. Forest dynamics and AGB were evaluated in both plots by means of three censuses carried out within a nine years period. In total, we found 1 664 individuals with diameter at breast height (DBH)≥10cm belonging to 222 species, 113 genera and 60 families. Mean species richness was of 156 species/ha and a mean Fisher´s Alpha index of 56.2/ha. The mortality rate was 0.88% and recruitment was 1.16%, which did not allow to lay any external effect of global warming or climate change on individual forest dynamics. However, the mean AGB was 243.44±9.82t/ha, with an annual average increase of 2.9t/ha, a higher value than the one reported in other studies of high sub-Andean forests, which suggests that equilibrium in terms of the AGB have not yet been reached. Besides, according to field observations, a recovery process, from a disturbance that occurred in the past, might be on his way. Rev. Biol. Trop. 60 (2): 943-952. Epub 2012 June 01.

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“…Se presentó una clara diferencia de biomasa aérea entre ambas parcelas, e Intipunku tuvo mayor acumulación, esta variación se puede deber a la estructura, gradiente altitudinal y a la diferente composición florística que se presentó en cada una y al tipo de bosque donde se encuentra establecida cada una, ello concuerda con lo indicado por Meave et al, 2006Meave et al, y Álvarez, 2010, quienes mencionan que la variación de acumulación de C está relacionada con los cambios biofísicos registrados dentro del intervalo altitudinal, como su composición florística y estructural, y con lo mencionado por Homeier et al, 2010;López & Duque, 2010;Rangel-Ch et al, 2005, que en los bosques de montaña de los Andes (por encima de los 1800 msnm), la alta variación ambiental parece promover cambios abruptos en la estructura, composición y dinámica de la vegetación, incluso a escalas espaciales relativamente pequeñas.…”

Section: Biomasa Aéreaunclassified

Dinámica, biomasa aérea y variables poblacionales de dos parcelas permanentes en bosques montanos de Wiñaywayna, Santuario Histórico de Machupicchu, Cusco, Perú

et al. 2018

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In the montane forests near Wiñaywayna, within the Historic Sanctuary of Machupicchu (SHM), we evaluated the population dynamics, stored aerial biomass and the population variables of trees with DBH ≥10, of two permanent plots of 1.0 ha each one, in the sectors of Intipunku (SHM-01) at 2653 m of altitude and Kantupata (SHM-02) at 3200 m of altitude, from September 2013 to November 2016 under the standardized RAINFOR methodology. We registered a total of 69 species in 1286 individuals; in plot SHM-01, 26 families, 36 genera and 45 species in 682 individuals, where the species with higher IVI were Meliosma peytonii with 33.50 %, Hieronyma oblonga with 29.23 % and Gordonia fruticosa with 28.43 %. In plot SHM-02, 22 families, 28 genera and 31 species in 604 individuals, where the species with the highest IVI were Weinmannia crassifolia with 70.82 %, which was also the most abundant and dominant, Ilex andicola with 35.65 % and Hedyosmum angustifolium with 35.09 %. A moderately high diversity was recorded, of 3.063 and 2.477 according to Shannon, 0.93 and 0.87 according to Simpson for Intipunku and Kantupata respectively, with a very low similarity among them for sharing only 7 species, which means a different tree species composition in each plot. In SHM-01 there was 1.18 % mortality rate, 0.79 % recruitment rate and 0.99 % annual renewal rate and in SHM-02, 1.21 % mortality rate, 2.05 % recruitment rate and 1.63 % annual renewal rate, with an imbalance between these rates. The stored aerial biomass was higher in Intipunku at 145 ± 2.80 Tha-1 , with a net primary productivity of 0.95 Tha-1 year-1 , the species Gordonia fruticosa and Aniba coto contributed higher biomass with 19 Tha-1 each; the biomass in Kantupata was 101.06 ± 3.46 Tha-1 , with a net primary productivity of 1.18 T ha-1 year-1 , the Weinmannia crassifolia species contributed greater biomass with 32 Tha-1 .

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Patrones de diversidad alfa en tres fragmentos de bosques montanos en la región norte de los Andes, Colombia

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Tree species distribution in Andean forests: influence of regional and local factors

Tree species distribution in Andean forests: influence of regional and local factors

Diversidad y dinámica de un bosque subandino de altitud en la región norte de los Andes colombianos

Dinámica, biomasa aérea y variables poblacionales de dos parcelas permanentes en bosques montanos de Wiñaywayna, Santuario Histórico de Machupicchu, Cusco, Perú

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