Dinámica, biomasa aérea y variables poblacionales de dos parcelas permanentes en bosques montanos de Wiñaywayna, Santuario Histórico de Machupicchu, Cusco, Perú

Abstract

In the montane forests near Wiñaywayna, within the Historic Sanctuary of Machupicchu (SHM), we evaluated the population dynamics, stored aerial biomass and the population variables of trees with DBH ≥10, of two permanent plots of 1.0 ha each one, in the sectors of Intipunku (SHM-01) at 2653 m of altitude and Kantupata (SHM-02) at 3200 m of altitude, from September 2013 to November 2016 under the standardized RAINFOR methodology. We registered a total of 69 species in 1286 individuals; in plot SHM-01, 26 families, 36 genera and 45 species in 682 individuals, where the species with higher IVI were Meliosma peytonii with 33.50 %, Hieronyma oblonga with 29.23 % and Gordonia fruticosa with 28.43 %. In plot SHM-02, 22 families, 28 genera and 31 species in 604 individuals, where the species with the highest IVI were Weinmannia crassifolia with 70.82 %, which was also the most abundant and dominant, Ilex andicola with 35.65 % and Hedyosmum angustifolium with 35.09 %. A moderately high diversity was recorded, of 3.063 and 2.477 according to Shannon, 0.93 and 0.87 according to Simpson for Intipunku and Kantupata respectively, with a very low similarity among them for sharing only 7 species, which means a different tree species composition in each plot. In SHM-01 there was 1.18 % mortality rate, 0.79 % recruitment rate and 0.99 % annual renewal rate and in SHM-02, 1.21 % mortality rate, 2.05 % recruitment rate and 1.63 % annual renewal rate, with an imbalance between these rates. The stored aerial biomass was higher in Intipunku at 145 ± 2.80 Tha-1 , with a net primary productivity of 0.95 Tha-1 year-1 , the species Gordonia fruticosa and Aniba coto contributed higher biomass with 19 Tha-1 each; the biomass in Kantupata was 101.06 ± 3.46 Tha-1 , with a net primary productivity of 1.18 T ha-1 year-1 , the Weinmannia crassifolia species contributed greater biomass with 32 Tha-1 .

Interpretation Center for the Revaluation of Flora and Fauna in Cusco, Perú

“…The concept used for the urban and architectural proposal is inspired by the organizational structure of the Inca Empire, as it is the reason for its significance in the world and its vision of the universe, known as the "Andean worldview". The foundation of the Inca Empire is based on four principles: transformation, collectivity, essence, and reciprocity [31].…”