Pathophysiologic Cascades in Ischemic Stroke

Xing, Chao; Arai, Ken; Lo, Eng H.; Hommel, Marc

doi:10.1111/j.1747-4949.2012.00839.x

Cited by 326 publications

(233 citation statements)

References 117 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

226

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…14,15 Considerable attention has been paid to the putative role of PON1 activity and its polymorphisms as a risk factor for ischemic stroke, one of the main neurological diseases associated with atherosclerosis. [16][17][18][19] Several comprehensive reviews and meta-analysis including studies up to 2011 are available. 16,20,21 Beyond stroke, oxidative stress plays a key role in many neurodegenerative diseases, although the precise pathogenic links are yet to be elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraoxonase 1 in neurological disorders

Menini

Gugliucci

2013

Redox Report

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Paroxonase 1 displays multiple physiological activities that position it as a putative player in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Here we reviewed the literature focusing on the role of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) as a factor in the risk of stroke and the major neurodegenerative diseases. PON1 activity is reduced in stroke patients, which significantly correlates inversely with carotid and cerebral atherosclerosis. The presence of the R allele of the Q192R PON1 polymorphism seems to potentiate this risk for stroke. PON1 exerts peroxidase activities that may be important in neurodegenerative disorders associated with oxidative stress. PON1 is also a key detoxifier of organophosphates and organophosphate exposure has been linked to the development of neurological disorders in which acetylcholine plays a significant role. In Parkinson's disease most of the studies suggest no participation of either L55M or the Q192R polymorphisms in its pathogenesis. However, many studies suggest that the MM55 PON1 genotype is associated with a higher risk for Parkinson's disease in individuals exposed to organophosphates. In Alzheimer's disease most studies have failed to find any association between PON1 polymorphisms and the development of the disease. Some studies show that PON1 activity is decreased in patients with Alzheimer's disease or other dementias, suggesting a possible protective role of PON1. No links between PON1 polymorphisms or activity have been found in other neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PON1 is a potential player in the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders. More research is warranted to ascertain the precise pathogenic links and the prognostic value of its measurement in neurological patients.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraoxonase 1 in neurological disorders

Menini

Gugliucci

2013

Redox Report

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…O AVCI também é importante fator de morbidade, sendo responsável por várias sequelas como: distúrbios motores, distúrbios do sono e depressão 31 . A fisiopatogênese do AVCI envolve a redução da concentração de adenosina trifosfato (ATP), devido a uma queda na sua produção, pela isquemia, que, por sua vez, também leva a uma acidose lática e desequilíbrio na homeostase iônica dos neurônios 32 .…”

unclassified

Fatores de risco modificáveis e não modificáveis do AVC isquêmico: uma abordagem descritiva

Rodrigues

Santana

Galvão

2017

Rev. Med. (São Paulo)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMO:O acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico (AVCI) é um déficit neurológico focal persistente que se dá pela obstrução proximal de uma artéria por um trombo, êmbolo ou compressão por tumor. Existem vários fatores de risco que estão associados a esse evento. Entretanto, ainda há poucos estudos nacionais que abordem essa temática. Dessa forma, esse estudo aborda os principais fatores de risco modificáveis e não modificáveis dos AVCI. Para tanto, esse trabalho analisou vários estudos transversais, estudos prospectivos e coortes realizadas em vários países, sobretudo nos últimos seis anos. As principais revistas consultadas para esse estudo foram The New England Journal of Medicine, Springer, Lancet, Stroke e Circulation -American Heart Association (AHA), Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Todas essas revistas estão indexadas à Pubmed Central®, base de dados utilizada nesse trabalho. Durante a pesquisa, foram utilizados os seguintes termos: "ischemic stroke AND modifiable risk factors", "ischemic stroke AND nonmodifiable risk factors", "ischemic stroke AND hypertension", "ischemic stroke AND atrial fibrillation", "ischemic stroke AND diabetes mellitus", "ischemic stroke AND dyslipidemia", "ischemic stroke AND obesity" and "ischemic stroke AND smoking". Observou-se que os principais fatores não modificáveis são: idade, sexo, raça, localização geográfica e hereditariedade. Já os principais fatores modificáveis são: hipertensão, fibrilação atrial, diabetes melito, dislipidemia, obesidade e o tabagismo. O conhecimento desses fatores de risco para isquemia cerebral pode justificar medidas de prevenção e auto-cuidado com esse evento vascular.Descritores: Acidente vascular cerebral; Isquemia encefálica; Fatores de risco; Revisão de literatura.ABSTRACT: Ischemic stroke is a persistent focal neurological deficit that occurs by proximal obstruction of an artery by a thrombus, arterial plaque, or compression by tumor. In this sense, there are several risk factors that are associated with this event. However, there are few studies that show this issue. Thus, this study bringsthe main modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors of stroke. In this purpose, the current study analyzed several cross-sectional studies, prospects and cohorts in several countries, especially in the last six years. The main journals consulted for this study were The New England Journal of Medicine, Springer, Lancet, Stroke and Circulation -American Heart Association (AHA), Journal of the American College of Cardiology. All of these journals are indexed to Pubmed Central®, database used in this work. For this research, the following terms were used: "ischemic stroke AND modifiable risk factors", "ischemic stroke AND non-modifiable risk factors", "ischemic stroke AND hypertension", "ischemic stroke AND atrial fibrillation", "ischemic stroke AND diabetes mellitus", "ischemic stroke AND dyslipidemia", "ischemic stroke AND obesity" and "ischemic stroke AND smoking". It was observed that the main nonmodifiable factors are: age, sex, race, geogr...

show abstract

“…It is thought that after ischemia, cytoplasmic Ca 2+ levels rise that can trigger overproduction of free radicals, dysfunction of mitochondria, cell membrane disruption and DNA fragmentation, which acting synergistically cause neuron death. After cerebral ischemia and particularly after reperfusion, robust oxidants are generated including superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, which overwhelm endogenous scavenging mechanisms and are directly involved in the damage to cellular macromolecules 12,13 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Ferritin and Plasma Fibrinogen Level in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Mandal

Majumder

Hossain

et al. 2018

Bangladesh J Med Biochem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Acute ischemic stroke is the primary pathology of brain vascular system that temporarily or permanently affects brain functions as a result of ischemia. In ischemic stroke events, many biochemical and immunological reactions occur secondarily in response to the reduced cerebral blood flow. Brain tissue damage after acute ischemic stroke is mediated partly by inflammation induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury. It is thought that acute ischemic stroke due to cerebral ischemia triggers acute phase reaction and the blood concentration of ferritin and fibrinogen could rise during brain infarction. This study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College during the period of July 2015 to June 2016 to evaluate the status of ferritin and fibrinogen in acute ischemic stroke patients. For this study serum ferritin and plasma fibrinogen level were assessed in 50 acute ischemic stroke patients and 50 normal individuals. Data were analyzed with the help of SPSS version 19.0. Unpaired Student's 't' test and Mann-Whitney U test were done to see the level of significance. Findings of the study revealed that serum ferritin and plasma fibrinogen levels were 83.1 ng/ml and 190.6 mg/dl in subjects with acute ischemic stroke, while in control subjects these were 41.3 ng/ml and 177.0 mg/dl respectively. Study showed that serum ferritin and plasma fibrinogen levels were significantly higher in patients with ischemic acute stroke compared to that of normal controls (p<0.001). It may be concluded that serum ferritin and plasma fibrinogen levels are significantly increased in acute ischemic stroke.Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2017; 10(1): 16-20

show abstract

Pathophysiologic Cascades in Ischemic Stroke

Cited by 326 publications

References 117 publications

Paraoxonase 1 in neurological disorders

Paraoxonase 1 in neurological disorders

Fatores de risco modificáveis e não modificáveis do AVC isquêmico: uma abordagem descritiva

Serum Ferritin and Plasma Fibrinogen Level in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About