Pathological changes in the TMJ and the length of the ramus in patients with confirmed juvenile idiopathic arthritis

No association between types of unilateral mandibular condylar abnormalities and facial asymmetry in orthopedic-treated patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

“…Dentofacial asymmetry is a common feature in patients with JIA and unilateral TMJ arthritis involvement. 24,26,29 Minor dentofacial and mandibular asymmetries are also well known findings in a normal population; however, a precisely defined normal range has not been established. 35 In the present study, the JIA patients with unilateral TMJ abnormalities exhibited significantly more severe dentofacial inter-side asymmetries than the JIA patients without TMJ abnormalities and control subjects.…”

“…17,22 Previous research on TMJ abnormality and dentofacial development in JIA was primarily based on conventional radiological techniques, 11,14,23,24 and only few studies with more advanced techniques exist. [25][26][27][28][29] The introduction of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), a cost-and dose-effective three-dimensional imaging modality, has enabled the radiological examination of TMJ hard tissue pathologies, which is superior to conventional radiological methods. 30 The aim of this cross-sectional CBCT-based study was to associate radiological TMJ abnormalities with the degree of dentofacial asymmetry in patients with unilateral TMJ involvements.…”

Assessment of dentofacial growth deviation in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Reliability and validity of three-dimensional morphometric measures

“…The working group identified 21 unique dentofacial morphometric measures based on traditional 2D cephalometric standards [ 8 – 15 ]. Anatomic landmarks and reference planes were defined based on current literature [ 6 , 16 , 19 – 26 ]. These measures were defined with the aim to describe dentofacial symmetry and skeletal relationships in sagittal, vertical and transverse dimensions.…”

Compromised salivary parameters of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

“…Severe juvenile idiopathic arthritis can result in striking facial deformities with pronounced asymmetries and "bird-like" facies due to severe retrognathia and loss of posterior vertical dimension related of condylar resorption. 4,5 In addition, JIA patients can present temporomandibular joint damage with morning joint stiffness, trismus, reduced interincisal opening, reduced ability to translate and possible clicking or crepitation as complaints. 4 Despite the conflicting results with respect to dental caries and periodontal disease 6-10 , JIA patients can have a higher risk for the development of biofilm-dependent oral diseases.…”