Pasture availability and dry matter intake of lactating crossbred cows grazing elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.)

Aroeira, Luiz Januário Magalhães; Lopes, F. C. F.; Deresz, F.; Verneque, R.S.; Dayrell, M.S; Matos, L. L. de; Maldonado-Vasquez, H.; Vittori, A.

doi:10.1016/s0377-8401(98)00270-3

Cited by 63 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…From a pasture OMD range of 0.85 to 0.65, ED of 8.0, 6.9, 6.4, 5.7 and 5.1 MJ NE L / FU can be considered as excellent, good, medium, low and very low, respectively. Lower nutritive value can be found in senescent or tropical pastures with lower digestibility and ingestibility (Moran and Croke, 1993;Aroeira et al, 1999).…”

Section: Variation Of Nutrient Supply At Grazing Relative To Animal Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing variations in dairy cow nutrient supply under grazing

Peyraud

Delagarde

2013

Animal

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Grazed pasture, which is the cheapest source of nutrients for dairy cows, should form the basis of profitable and low-input animal production systems. Management of high-producing dairy cows at pasture is thus a major challenge in most countries. The objective of the present paper is to review the factors that can affect nutrient supply for grazing dairy cows in order to point out areas with scope for improvement on managing variations in nutrient supply to achieve high animal performance while maintaining efficient pasture utilisation per hectare (ha). Reviewing the range in animal requirements, intake capacity and pasture nutritive values shows that high-producing cows cannot satisfy their energy requirements from grazing alone and favourable to unfavourable situations for grazing dairy cows may be classified according to pasture quality and availability. Predictive models also enable calculation of supplementation levels required to meet energy requirements in all situations. Solutions to maintain acceptable level of production per cow and high output per ha are discussed. Strategies of concentrate supplementation and increasing use of legumes in mixed swards are the most promising. It is concluded that although high-producing cow cannot express their potential milk production at grazing, there is scope to improve animal performance at grazing given recent developments in our understanding of factors influencing forage intake and digestion of grazed forages.

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Section: Variation Of Nutrient Supply At Grazing Relative To Animal Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing variations in dairy cow nutrient supply under grazing

Peyraud

Delagarde

2013

Animal

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“…Cóser et al (2003) estudaram métodos para estimativa de forragem e concluíram que o pastejo simulado apresenta alta confiabilidade para a estimativa da forragem potencialmente consumível (acima da altura do resíduo), em pastagem de capim-elefante. Além disso, esta técnica também foi utilizada para a estimativa da quantidade de forragem, em pastagem de capim-elefante, por outros autores (Aroeira et al, 1999;Cóser et al, 1999;Deresz, 2001;Deresz et al, 2001;Carvalho et al, 2005). Após a amostragem pela técnica do pastejo simulado, foram colocadas novilhas apenas para consumir o remanescente de forragem não colhida, tendo-se mantido o pastejo até as plantas atingirem alturas de 80 a 100 cm.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

“…Como conseqüência, ocorre marcante estacionalidade anual de produção de forragem, cujos efeitos são minimizados pelo fornecimento de suplementos volumosos e concentrados nessa época (Aroeira et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Produção de forragem e valor nutritivo do capim-elefante, irrigado durante a época seca

Cóser¹,

Martins

Deresz

et al. 2008

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da irrigação, na época seca do ano, sobre as características produção de matéria seca, altura das plantas, cobertura do solo e a qualidade de forragem do capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum). O experimento foi realizado em Coronel Pacheco, MG, de junho /2004 a janeiro/2007, e os tratamentos foram: irrigações a partir de 15/7, 1 o /8, 15/8, 1 o /9, 15/9 e 1 o /10, com adubação de 300 kg ha -1 de N por ano; com dois tratamentos sem irrigação, adubados com 300 e 200 kg ha -1 de N por ano. Foram usados dois métodos de colheita: corte a 10 cm do solo e pastejo simulado, realizado acima da altura de resíduo (80-100 cm). A produção de matéria seca e a altura das plantas aumentaram com as irrigações iniciadas em julho e agosto. As pastagens irrigadas a partir de julho e agosto atingiram condições de pastejo quatro a seis semanas antes que as dos tratamentos não irrigados. A produção de matéria seca obtida pelo método do corte foi duas vezes superior àquela obtida pelo pastejo simulado. Os teores de proteína bruta e a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca foram maiores no pastejo simulado do que no corte, mas os teores de fibra em detergente neutro foram semelhantes.Termos para indexação: Pennisetum purpureum, gramíneas tropicais, irrigação estratégica, produção de forragem, qualidade. Dry matter yield and nutritive value of elephantgrass irrigated during the dry seasonAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate irrigation strategies on elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum) pasture, during the dry season, upon dry matter yield, plant height, ground cover, and forage quality. The experiment was conducted in the county of Coronel Pacheco, Minas Gerais, Brazil,

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“…Daily milk yield (range of 9.5 to 12.7 kg/cow per day) is within the range reported in the literature from grazing experiments with tropical forages and crossbred cows. Aroeira et al (1999) reported average milk yield of 11.4 kg/cow per day for cows grazing on elephant grass (P. purpureum). Henning et al (1995) observed values of 10.1 kg/cow per day in a Kikuyu pasture (Pennisetum clandestinum).…”

Section: Nutritive Valuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the range of intake values estimated in the studied systems (2.20% to 2.61% of BW or 11.0 to 13.1 kg of DM/cow per day) was close to the value suggested by the literature in tropical forages. Intake values from 2.3% to 2.7% of BW or from 11.6 to 13.8 kg/cow per day were indeed observed in B. decumbens, B. brizantha and Pennisetum purpureum pastures (Aroeira et al, 1999;Gomide et al, 2001;Fike et al, 2003) grazed by crossbred lactating cows.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Sward characteristics and performance of dairy cows in organic grass–legume pastures shaded by tropical trees

Paciullo

Pires

Aroeira

et al. 2014

Animal

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The silvopastoral system (SPS) has been suggested to ensure sustainability in animal production systems in tropical ecosystems. The objective of this study was to evaluate pasture characteristics, herbage intake, grazing activity and milk yield of Holstein × Zebu cows managed in two grazing systems (treatments): SPS dominated by a graminaceous forage (Brachiaria decumbens) intercropped with different leguminous herbaceous forages (Stylosanthes spp., Pueraria phaseoloides and Calopogonium mucunoides) and legume trees (Acacia mangium, Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala), and open pasture (OP) of B. decumbens intercropped only with Stylosanthes spp. Pastures were managed according to the rules for organic cattle production. The study was carried out by following a switch back format with 12 cows, 6 for each treatment, over 3 experimental years. Herbage mass was similar ( P > 0.05) for both treatments, supporting an average stocking rate of 1.23 AU/ha. Daily dry matter intake did not vary ( P > 0.05) between treatments (average of 11.3 ± 1.02 kg/cow per day, corresponding to 2.23 ± 0.2% BW). Milk yield was higher ( P < 0.05; 10.4 ± 0.06 kg/cow per day) in the SPS than in the OP (9.5 ± 0.06 kg/cow per day) during the 1 st year, but did not significantly differ ( P > 0.05) in subsequent years. The highest ( P < 0.05) values for herbage mass and milk yield were observed during the 3 rd year. In the SPS, with moderate shade (19% shade relative to a full-sun condition), the grass CP was higher ( P < 0.05) than in the OP, although the NDF content and digestibility coefficient were not modified. The animals spent more time ( P < 0.05) idling in the SPS than in OP. The higher legume proportion in the SPS was associated with the higher CP level in B. decumbens relative to the OP, which could explain the better ( P < 0.05) performance of the cows in silvopastoral areas during the 1 st year. However, during the 2 nd and 3 rd years, similarities in the legume percentages of both systems resulted in similar ( P > 0.05) milk yields. Low persistence of Stylosanthes guianensis was observed over the experimental period, indicating that the persistence of forage legumes under grazing could be improved using adapted cultivars that have higher annual seed production. The SPS and a diversified botanical composition of the pasture using legume species mixed with grasses are recommended for organic milk production.

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Pasture availability and dry matter intake of lactating crossbred cows grazing elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.)

Cited by 63 publications

References 11 publications

Managing variations in dairy cow nutrient supply under grazing

Managing variations in dairy cow nutrient supply under grazing

Produção de forragem e valor nutritivo do capim-elefante, irrigado durante a época seca

Sward characteristics and performance of dairy cows in organic grass–legume pastures shaded by tropical trees

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