“…However, the interaction between protein and membrane is quite complex, with contributions stemming from charge distribution, molecular flexibility, chirality and geometrical unfolding of the protein macromolecule 21‐24 . Moreover, the physiochemical condition of the feed can significantly affect protein‐membrane interactions, 17,20,25‐27 including electrostatic interactions, 17,28 hydrophobic interactions 25‐27 and hydration forces 19,29 . Breite et al found that, unlike the model polystyrene foulant, fouling induced by bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme on zwitterionic polyethersulfone (PES) membranes cannot be explained by either electrostatic or hydrophobic interactions 25 .…”