Partial substitution of soybean meal with faba bean meal in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) diets, and the effects on muscle fatty acid composition, flesh quality, and expression of myogenic regulatory factors

Abstract

Faba bean meal (FBM) was used to replace soybean meal (SBM) in different proportions, and its impacts on muscle fatty acid composition, flesh quality, and myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) expression in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) were evaluated. Five isonitrogenous (33.7% crude protein) and isolipidic (4.1% crude lipid) diets containing different levels of FBM replacing dietary SBM (0, 9, 18, 27, and 36%) were formulated and were randomly assigned to triplicate groups of fish (mean initial weight of 3.39 ± 0.01 g) for 8 weeks. No significant differences were observed between the 0% group and FBM-supplemented groups (except for 36% group). FBM instead of SBM significantly influenced the fatty acid composition and expression of MRFs, and markedly enhanced shear force and some texture parameters in muscle. Strong correlation was observed between MRFs and flesh textural properties. The maximal proportion of dietary SBM replacement with FBM was estimated to be 28.97% based on weight gain using a quadratic broken-line model. These results indicated that FBM supplementation might affect flesh quality Xiaoxia Li and Shijun Chen contributed equally to this study and share the first authorship.

Flesh quality of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂) fed with hydrolyzed porcine mucosa-supplemented low fishmeal diet

“…The addition of 3% Saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate in the feed significantly increased the crude protein (CP) content and reduced the ether extract (EE) content in grouper ( Epinephelus coioides ) muscle ( Yang et al., 2020 ). Upon substituting a 9% faba bean meal for the soybean meal, the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) and n-6 PUFA contents of grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ) muscle were significantly reduced, and the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content, hardness, chewiness, and gumminess were significantly increased ( Li et al., 2020b ). When partly replacing fish meal with fermented soybean meal or housefly ( Musca domestica ) maggot meal, increased moisture and C18:3n-3 contents in Japanese seabass ( Lateolabrax japonicus ; Liang et al., 2017 ) and lower levels of thaw loss and improved hardness for Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ; Wang et al., 2017 ) were found.…”

Substitution of soybean oil with linseed oil on growth performance, fatty acid profile and texture attributes in large Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus reared under cold suboptimal temperature

“…Rachycentron canadum (Lunger et al, 2007), and grass carp (Li et al, 2020). To date, a fatty fillet is preferred by consumers, mainly those intended for eastern gastronomy.…”

Effect of replacing dietary soybean meal with pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) seed cake on growth, feed utilization, haematological parameters and fatty acid composition of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio)

“…Ctenopharyngodon idella (Li et al, 2020;Lu et al, 2020), Oncorhynchus mykiss Ustaoglu Tiril & Kerim, 2015) and…”

“…Although there are several studies on alternative feed ingredients, evaluation of affordable and locally available non‐conventional feed ingredients in fish diets is still necessary (Ayyat et al, 2021; Dernekbaşı et al, 2017; Mamuad et al, 2020). From this perspective, the impact of plant‐based, non‐conventional feed ingredients as protein sources has been evaluated in several fish species, for example, sesame seed meal (Dernekbaşı et al, 2017; Saleh, 2020), moringa seed cake (Yuangsoi et al, 2014), peanut meal (Wang et al, 2020), groundnut oil cake (Ghosh & Mandal, 2015), pigeon pea leafmeal (Rani et al, 2021), safflower meal (Çantaş & Yildirim, 2020), Jatropha curcas kernel meal (Phulia et al, 2017), distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) (Aydın & Gümüş, 2020; Diógenes et al, 2019), faba bean meal (Li et al, 2020) and rubber seed meal (Deng et al, 2015).…”