Parenting stress among mothers of Malaysian children with cerebral palsy: predictors of child- and parent-related stress

Abstract

A hospital study was carried out to compare parenting stress among 87 Malaysian mothers of children with cerebral palsy and a control group (comprising 87 mothers of children without disability who attended the walk-in paediatric clinic), using the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine socio-demographic and medical factors associated with child-domain stress (CDS) and parent-domain stress (PDS). Mothers of children with cerebral palsy scored significantly higher than control subjects on all sub-scales of CDS and PDS (p < 0.01), except for the sub-scale of 'role restriction'. The presence of cerebral palsy (p < 0.001) and activities of daily living (ADL) scores (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with CDS. Factors predictive of PDS were ADL scores (p < 0.001), number of hospitalizations over the past year (p = 0.024), level of maternal education (p = 0.018) and Chinese mothers (p < 0.001). Although this study demonstrated that Malaysian mothers of children with cerebral palsy experienced higher levels of stress than controls, the impact of cerebral palsy per se on parenting stress was modified by other factors such as increased care-giving demands, low maternal education and ethnic background. Habilitation should be directed at easing the burden of daily care, minimizing hospital re-admissions and targeting appropriate psychosocial support at specific subgroups to change parental perception and expectations.

Predictors of parenting stress in mothers of children with spina bifida

“…Higher levels of parenting stress were noted among Malaysian mothers of children with cerebral palsy and mental retardation compared with controls, and this was mediated by ethnicity, socio-economic status, care-giving burden and child behaviour. 10,11 Although cerebral palsy and mental retardation result in chronic disability, some of the longterm problems outlined above are unique to spina bifida. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine factors associated with parenting stress among mothers of children with spina bifida.…”

Erken Çocukluk Döneminde Serebral Palsili Çocuğu Olan Annelerin Algıladıkları Sosyal Destek Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi

“…SP'li çocuğun gereksinimlerine bağlı olarak yaşanan stres, kaygı gibi psikolojik sıkıntılar annenin yaşamını güçleştirmekte ve yaşanan aile ortamlarında iletişimlerini doğrudan etkilemektedir (Piştav-Akmeşe, Mutlu ve Kerem-Günel, 2007;Piştav-Akmeşe ve diğ., 2015). Alanyazında, SP'li çocuğu olan annelerin stres seviyesinin sağlıklı çocuk annelerinden yüksek olduğu belirtilmiştir (Ong, Afifah, Sofiah ve Lye, 1998;Mobarak, Khan, Munir, Zaman ve McConachie, 2000;Brehaut ve diğ., 2004;Ünsal-Delialioglu, Kaya, Özel ve Görgülü, 2009;Ones, Yılmaz, Çetinkaya ve Çağlar, 2005;Manuel, Naughton, Balkrishnan, Paterson-Smith ve Koman, 2003). Ayrıca, SP'li çocuğu olan annelerde % 30 ile % 61 oranında depresyon görüldüğü belirtilmiştir (Manuel ve diğ., 2003;Ünsal-Delialioğlu ve diğ., 2009 (Seligman ve Darling, 1997).…”

Estresse e autoconceito em pais e mães de crianças com a síndrome do X-frágil

“…Vários estudos têm sido desenvolvidos sobre o estresse desencadeado pela presença de um membro da família com uma doença crônica (Bauer et al, 2000;Hamlett, Pellegrini, & Katz, 1992;Ong, Afifah, Sofiah, & Lye, 1998) ou com alguma deficiência física ou mental (Milgran & Atzil, 1988;Pereira-Silva & Dessen, 2001;Perry, McGarvey, & Factor, 1992;Ryde-Brandt, 1990). Contudo, são poucas as pesquisas que associam o estresse parental às características de um familiar com a SXF (Johnston et al, 2003;Von Gontard et al, 2002).…”

“…De forma geral, estudos têm demonstrado que as figuras parentais são as mais afetadas pelo estresse em casos de desenvolvimento atípico de um filho, sendo, porém, a mãe mais atingida por sua condição de cuidadora direta (Hamlett, et al, 1992;Ong et al, 1998). Apesar dos meca-nismos do impacto do estresse na saúde ainda serem elusivos, o excesso de tarefas atribuídas a uma pessoa gera conseqüências em sua saúde física (Bauer et al, 2000;Epel et al, 2004) e psicológica (Bandeira et al, 2007;Bandeira, Gonçalves, & Pawlowski, 2006).…”