Paraurethral cysts in women. Features of diagnostics

Abstract

In women aged from 20 up to 60 years paraurethral cysts occur in 1–6%. In most cases, the clinical course of paraurethral cysts is asymptomatic, so their diagnosis can cause difficulties. Women who have paraurethral cysts may complain of pain, dyspareunia, and urinary disorders. The size of a cyst more than 2 cm can affect the quality of patient’s life, and very often causes symptoms of the lower urinary tract, including obstructive ones. Paraurethral cysts need to be differentiated other perineal formations. This article presents a review of the literature on the etiology, clinical course and diagnosis of paraurethral cysts. The main points of differential diagnosis of paraurethral cyst with urethral diverticulum, adenocarcinoma are also consecrated. Taking into consideration the anatomical location and the specifics of the treatment of paraurethral cysts, this problem has an interdisciplinary nature and requires the attention of specialists such as: urologist, gynecologist, surgeon.

Identification of benign urethral lesions in female patients

“…However, their incidence is difficult to assess due to a high proportion of asymptomatic patients and the absence of specific signs [4]. Such lesions normally have a small size (from 2 to 15 mm), which also makes it difficult to diagnose them [2,5]. According to foreign and Russian literature they refer to 1% to 8% of cases.…”

“…Their etiology in women in most cases is unclear. Some authors claim that cystic lesions may grow when the periure-thral glands are blocked during traumatic childbirth, or when there is frequent infection of the lower urinary tract [5,7,8].…”

Use of sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of chronic cystitis

“…The causes of chronic cystitis are the presence of a constant source of bacteriuria, impaired urinary passage, abnormalities of the urinary tract, diabetes mellitus, etc. [4,5,6].…”