Panorama et futur de la filière du soja français

Abstract

Soybean is cultivated in Europe as a GM free cultivation. In spite of a growing demand in identity preserved (IP) seeds and of the high environmental benefit of the soybean in the crop rotations, a great decrease of the soybean acreage has been observed in France and in Europe since 2002. That's why in 2007, Cetiom and Onidol, two bodies of the French oilseed crop organisation decided to carry out a comprehensive survey on the different actors of the soybean production chain from the farmers until the feed and food soybean users. The study showed that 12% of the total acreage is planted under organic farming and that most surfaces are still grown under IP process. It also highlighted that the decrease of soybean's surfaces till 2008 was mainly due to an insufficient economic competitiveness compared to other crops. The survey proved that the French production gained market shares between 2002 and 2007 for the soyfood industry supply (from 5 to 25% of the total acreage). The remaining production is processed in small or medium extrusion plants for the local animal raising. The needs of the industry were described in details showing that the main asset of the French production is the good control of the whole production chain, the high quality management by the farmers, the good protein content and shorter logistic chains compared to the imported soybean. For the future, the increasing environmental constraints and the larger demand of European soyfood industry but also of local high-quality feed and animal raising could lead soybean to recover between 100 000 and 150 000 hectares in France.

Combining Simple Phenotyping and Photothermal Algorithm for the Prediction of Soybean Phenology: Application to a Range of Common Cultivars Grown in Europe

“…D1 begins to be tested in areas in order to escape water deficit around flowering and seed filling time (Maury et al, 2015). D5 is typical of double cropping systems, where soybean is planted after an early harvested crop (winter barley, pea) (Quinsac et al, 2014). Seeds were sown in a greenhouse at a mean temperature of 20°C with natural day length to standardize the initial growth of seedlings.…”

Simulation technico-économique d’une filière locale de valorisation du soja en alimentation animale dans le Sud-Ouest de la France

“…La transformation du soja est désormais assurée par quelques ateliers d'extrusion et de toastage qui ont des débouchés limités à des productions animales particulières (jeunes animaux) 1 Organisme génétiquement modifié. (Labalette et al, 2010). Un diagnostic territorial réalisé récem-ment pour accompagner le développement du soja a confirmé que les outils de transformation de la graine de soja présents en Midi-Pyrénées ne sont pas en adéquation avec les besoins des professionnels de l'alimentation animale (Parachini, 2013).…”

Des sources de protéines locales pour l’alimentation des volailles : quelles voies de progrès ?

“…La faible utilisation des MPRP locales s'explique d'autre part par une production nationale de soja très faible (104 327 t) (FAOSTAT, 2013), dont seulement la moitié est à destination de l'alimentation animale. Le développement de la culture de soja en France avec la mise en place de démarches concrètes pourrait être un tremplin si une demande forte de l'aval vers l'amont arrivait à émerger (Labalette et al, 2010). Certaines unités de trituration de petite capacité ont d'ailleurs été crées récemment dans des contextes favorables de forte valorisation des produits animaux (Bio).…”