Panax notoginseng attenuates LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 cells

Rhule, Ava; Navarro, Séverine; Smith, Janette L.; Shepherd, David M.

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2005.12.012

Cited by 148 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The inhibition of the production of these inflammatory mediators is an important target in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Hence, LPS-induced macrophages have usually been used as a model for evaluating the anti-inflammatory effects of various agents [12,13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by suppressing NF-κB signaling

et al. 2015

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OBJECTIVE: N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), a small bioactive molecule, stimulates bone formation and inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. The present study was aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potentials of NMP on the inflammatory process and the underlying molecular mechanisms in RAW264.7 macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS: RAW264.7 macrophages and mouse primary bone marrow macrophages (mBMMs) were used as an in vitro model to investigate inflammatory processes. Cells were pre-treated with or without NMP and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The productions of cytokines and NO were determined by proteome profiler method and nitrite analysis, respectively. The expressions of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were measured by Western blotting and/or qPCR. Western blot, ELISA-base reporter assay, and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the activation of MAP kinases and NF-B. RESULTS: LPS-induced mRNA expressions of TNF-, IL-1, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 were inhibited by NMP in a dose-dependent manner. NMP also suppressed the LPS-increased productions of iNOS and NO. The proteome profiler array showed that several cytokines and chemokines involved in inflammation and up-regulated by LPS stimulation were significantly down-regulated by NMP. Additionally, this study shows that the effect of NMP is mediated through down-regulation of NFB pathway. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that NMP inhibits the inflammatory mediators in macrophages by an NFB-dependent mechanism, based on the epigenetical activity of NMP as bromodomain inhibitor. In the light of its action on osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation process and its anti-inflammatory potential, NMP might be used in inflammation-related bone loss. CONCLUSIONS:Our results show that NMP inhibits the inflammatory mediators in macrophages by an NFκB-dependent mechanism, based on the epigenetical activity of NMP as bromodomain inhibitor. In the light of its action on osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation process and its anti-inflammatory potential, NMP might be used in inflammation-related bone loss.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by suppressing NF-κB signaling

et al. 2015

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“…41 Also, time-dependent effects of treatment with ginseng (or ginseng polysaccharides) were observed previously. 24,26 In clinical studies, the incidence of common cold symptom complex or acute respiratory infection was also significantly lower in healthy individuals who had preventively taken ginseng. 29,42 The results in this study support the protective effects of ginseng against influenza virus infection when taken in healthy individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 In contrast, ginseng was shown to attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-a and IL-6 in a macrophage cell line. 24 It is interesting that these immunosuppressive effects were not observed when ginseng was added after lipopolysaccharide stimulation of macrophage cells. 24 Therefore, it is likely that ginseng may have a dual role in immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 It is interesting that these immunosuppressive effects were not observed when ginseng was added after lipopolysaccharide stimulation of macrophage cells. 24 Therefore, it is likely that ginseng may have a dual role in immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nature of these activities and their underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown and were reported to be diverse depending on types of diseases and/or biological assessment methods: some studies demonstrated anti-inflammatory activities, while others reported proinflammatory effects. [22][23][24][25][26] Previous clinical studies demonstrated the beneficial effects of ginseng intake. A group of older adults who received daily oral administration of ginseng and influenza virus vaccination showed fewer cases of laboratory-confirmed influenza-like illness compared with the vaccination-only group.…”

Section: Introduction Imentioning

confidence: 99%

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