Panacea in progress: CRISPR and the future of its biological research introduction

Abstract

The elucidation of the CRISPR (clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats) adaptive immune system endogenous to most microbial life has culminated in progress in a diversity of scientific disciplines. The concurrently promising and eccentric nature of its theoretically plausible applications has wrought enthusiasm in the research community globally, potentiating advancements in human and animal health, ecological stability, and economic wellbeing, that would hitherto be considered the unattainable fancies of a futurist. It may be supposed that the tomes of science fiction are the true books of prophecy. Here, we narrate the scientific dialogue regarding CRISPR/Cas biotechnologies, from the happenstantial initial observation of the locus to the litany of intriguing contemporary endeavors. We discuss the mechanistic underpinnings in detail, and the corpulent body of literature on CRISPR-based biotech is digested into a germane and informative review. CRISPR applications such as microbiome engineering in order to enhance the human immune system beyond the fortitude of the wild type, bacterial genome editing in industrial and medical aspects, conquering antibiotic resistance, the development of novel antimicrobial techniques, the harvesting of solventogenic microbes, the development of antifungal therapies, and investigation of the genetic properties of fungi, are here represented, and the authors posit unconventional, and at times gainfully tangential, thoughts and concepts in order to encourage a reflective disposition towards this sophisticated device of nature: a panacea in progress, such that the most impassive and technical writing still carries the ring of poetry.

CRISPR-Cas System: The Powerful Modulator of Accessory Genomes in Prokaryotes

“…Besides the CRISPR-Cas-based research on genetic editing and cancer therapy, which started years ago, the latest research focuses on using the system to combat pathogens, such as bacteria or viruses, and many other biotechnological applications [Carroll and Zhou, 2017]. Self-targeting by CRISPR-Cas was previously found to be lethal in bacteria.…”

Mimiviruses: Giant viruses with novel and intriguing features (Review)

“…When bacteria encounter the same virus strain again, they recognize the viral DNA and digest it via the Cas9 nuclease, which is directed to cleave the exogenous DNA via the crRNA-tracrRNA duplexes transcribed from the respective region of the CRISPR locus. As crRNA-tracrRNA duplexes and sgRNAs may be used to target Cas9 for multiplexed genome editing in eukaryotic cells, the CRISPR system has revolutionized the field of genome editing ( 41 ).…”

Fundamentos de engenharia genética e edição gênica: uma revisão sistemática sobre as diferentes técnicas utilizadas em fungos filamentosos

“…(VII) Nucleases efetoras do tipo ativador de transcrição tumefacies é uma bactéria Gram-negativa, presente no solo e causadora de galha-de-coroa em plantas 14,20 .…”

“…A região PAM e uma sequênciaimediatamente seguida a ela, são utilizadas como "espaçadores" das "repetições curtas". Pode-se descrever essa fase, como a imunização da célula14 .Quando a defesa antifágica é estimulada, o complexo CRISPR é sintetizado. O RNA da região espaçadora adquirida somada à repetição curta já disposta no genoma é chamado de crRNA e atua como guia de direção.…”