Paleoclimate and location of the border between Mediterranean climate region and the Saharo–Arabian Desert as revealed by speleothems from the northern Negev Desert, Israel

Вакс, Антон; Bar‐Matthews, Miryam; Ayalon, Avner; Matthews, Alan; Frumkin, Amos; Dayan, Uri; Halicz, Ludwik; Almogi‐Labin, Ahuva; Schilman, Bettina

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2006.07.009

Cited by 238 publications

(135 citation statements)

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“…This relationship between enhanced speleothem growth during periods of increased effective precipitation is also observed outside Australia (e.g. Wang et al, 2004;Vaks et al, 2006;Stoll et al, 2013) and highlights stalagmite growth as a useful on/off indicator of recharge in semi-arid to arid environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Terrestrial data spanning the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and deglaciation from the southern Australian region are sparse and limited to discontinuous sedimentological and geomorphological records with relatively large chronological uncertainties. This dearth of records has hindered a critical assessment of the role of the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude westerly winds on the region's climate during this time period. In this study, two precisely dated speleothem records for Mairs Cave, Flinders Ranges, are presented, providing for the first time a detailed terrestrial hydroclimatic record for the southern Australian drylands during 23-15 ka. Recharge to Mairs Cave is interpreted from the speleothem record by the activation of growth, physical flood layering, and δ 18 O and δ 13 C minima. Periods of lowered recharge are indicated by 18 O and 13 C enrichment, primarily affecting δ 18 O, argued to be driven by evaporation of shallow soil/epikarst water in this water-limited environment. A hydrological driver is supported by calcite fabric changes. These include the presence of laminae, visible organic colloids, and occasional dissolution features, related to recharge, as well as the presence of sediment bands representing cave floor flooding. A shift to slower-growing, more compact calcite and an absence of lamination is interpreted to represent reduced recharge.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)

et al. 2017

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“…In central Arabia these wet phases are documented in fluvial-lacustrine archives (Breeze et al 2016;Crassard et al 2013;Rosenberg et al 2011;. Negev Humid periods (NHP) are recorded in speleothems (Vaks et al 2006;. Paleoenvironmental data indicate that widespread pluvial phases across Arabia occurred during MIS 5e (128-120 ka), MIS 5c (110-100 ka) and MIS 5a (90e74 ka) (Parker 2009;Petraglia et al 2012;Rosenberg et al 2011;Yehudai et al 2017).The last humid period in the Negev (NHP-1) corresponds to both MIS5e and MIS5c (Vaks et al 2007;.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Past climatic records indicate that during glacial and interglacial periods between MIS 6 and MIS 4 the central Negev was mostly dry (Amit et al 2006;Vaks et al 2007), whereas short humid episodes (Negev Humid Periods, (2017) NHP), possibly resulting from a northern shift of the African Monsson system, occurred during interglacial times (Blome et al 2012;Kutzbach & Liu 1997;Larrasoaña et al 2013;Torfstein et al 2015;Vaks et al 2010). The last of the NHP (NHP-1) is dated to 142-109 ka and was synchronous with pluvial periods in the Sahara, the Egyptian Desert and the Arabian Peninsula (Osborne et al 2008;Osmond & Dabous 2004;Petit-Maire et al 2010;Rosenberg et al 2011;Yehudai et al 2017;Vaks et al 2006;. Terrestrial corridors between the Negev and Arabia, along which there were sufficient water sources, have been suggested to exist during MIS5 (Breeze et al 2016).…”

Section: Geographic and Climatic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle Palaeolithic find spots with Nubian cores from the Southern Negev and the Arava, Israel

Goldberger

Ginat

Ragolski

et al. 2017

JLS

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Abstract:This is a report of results from a cursory survey of several Middle Paleolithic find spots from the Arava, Israel, conducted as part of a broader collaboration between the Dead Sea and Arava Science Center and the Israel Antiquities Authority. A series of find spots were recorded on the eastern flanks of the Zehiha hills and on the northern terraces of Wadi Paran. These finds consist of mostly Middle Paleolithic artifacts including Levallois centripetal, bidirectional and Nubian cores. The presence of Nubian cores within this technological constellation is of interest in light of recent discussions regarding archaeological markers of modern human dispersals out of Africa and feasible routes into Eurasia and Arabia. The Nubian core technology, a specific variant of the Levallois technology is found within a defined and continuous geographic region and is perceived as penecontemporaneous. Sites with a similar technological package are found to the east at Al-Jawf, within the Arabian Peninsula, as well as to the North-West, within the central Negev highlands, at the localities of Har Oded and H2. The distinctive technological characteristics, geographical extent and chronology advocate its use as a possible marker for human dispersals and interactions between Eastern Africa, the Nile Valley, the southern Levant and Arabia.

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“…According to , increased water availability in the DSB during glacial phases reflect increased rainfall due to the southward deflection of moist westerlies southwards by the presence of ice sheets, as showed by coupled ocean-atmosphere circulation models for the LGM (e.g., Li and and Battisti, 2008;Lainé et al, 2009). An alternative explanation was proposed by Vaks et al (2003) who suggested reduced evaporation rates during the cold glacial phases leading to a higher P-E balance, and vice-versa during interglacials. This second hypothesis appears consistent with the recent Dead Sea water level lowering, induced by the current warming which results in lower local air humidity and higher evaporation (Shafir and Alpert, 2010).…”

Section: Comparison With Other Ems Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, in the rain shadow of the Judean mountains, the deep, warm Dead Sea basin (DSB), behaved in opposite directions, as indicated by cave stromatolites and periods of speleothem growth/nondeposition (Vaks et al, 2003(Vaks et al, , 2006Fig. 11h;Lisker et al, 2008Lisker et al, , 2010 and lake level fluctuations ( Fig.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Ems Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological variability in the Northern Levant: a 250 ka multi-proxy record from the Yammoûneh (Lebanon) sedimentary sequence

et al. 2011

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Abstract. The Levant is a key region in terms of both long-term hydroclimate dynamics and human cultural evolution. Our understanding of the regional response to glacialinterglacial boundary conditions is limited by uncertainties in proxy-data interpretation and the lack of long-term records from different geographical settings.The present paper provides a 250 ka paleoenvironmental reconstruction based on a multi-proxy approach from northern Levant, derived from a 36 m lacustrine-palustrine sequence cored in the small intra-mountainous karstic Yammoûneh basin from northern Lebanon. We combined time series of sediment properties, paleovegetation, and carbonate oxygen isotopes (δ c ), to yield a comprehensive view of paleohydrologic-paleoclimatic fluctuations in the basin over the two last glacial-interglacial cycles. Integration of all available proxies shows that Interglacial maxima (early-mid MIS 7, MIS 5.5 and early MIS 1) experienced relatively high effective moisture, evidenced by the dominance of forested landscapes (although with different forest types) associated with authigenic carbonate sedimentation in a productive waterbody. Synchronous and steep δ c increases can be reconciled with enhanced mean annual moisture when changes in seasonality are taken into account. During Glacials periods (MIS 2 and MIS 6), open vegetation tends to replace the forests, favouring local erosion and detrital sedimentation.

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Paleoclimate and location of the border between Mediterranean climate region and the Saharo–Arabian Desert as revealed by speleothems from the northern Negev Desert, Israel

Cited by 238 publications

References 50 publications

Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)

Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)

Middle Palaeolithic find spots with Nubian cores from the Southern Negev and the Arava, Israel

Hydrological variability in the Northern Levant: a 250 ka multi-proxy record from the Yammoûneh (Lebanon) sedimentary sequence

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Paleoclimate and location of the border between Mediterranean climate region and the Saharo–Arabian Desert as revealed by speleothems from the northern Negev Desert, Israel

Cited by 238 publications

References 50 publications

Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)

Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)

Middle Palaeolithic find spots with Nubian cores from the Southern Negev and the Arava, Israel

Hydrological variability in the Northern Levant: a 250 ka multi-proxy record from the Yammoûneh (Lebanon) sedimentary sequence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)

Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)