Palaeoenvironmental interpretation of fluvial red beds by statistical analysis of palaeocurrent data: Examples from the buntsandstein (lower triassic) of the eifel and bavaria in the German basin (middle Europe)

Mader, Detlef; Teyssen, Thomas

doi:10.1016/0037-0738(84)90002-2

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Palaeocurrent data generally indicate northward sediment transport off these massifs and axially through the intervening 'gates' (Mader 1982a;Mader and Teyssen 1985;Feist-Burkhardt et al 2008). In addition, the Fennoscandian margin also supplied sediment from the north (Olsen 1987), and during the Carnian a large fluvial system (Schilfsandstein) drained off this margin to cross the Southern North Sea area and German Basin and enter Tethys (Koppen and Carter 2000).…”

Section: Southern Permian Basinmentioning

confidence: 93%

Triassic palaeogeography and fluvial dispersal across the northwest European Basins

2009

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Triassic dryland fluvial systems occur infilling extensional and post-rift basins across northwest Europe. These systems were deposited by streams draining off the major basin margin catchments of Greenland, Fennoscandia, the Scottish Highlands and the remnant Variscan mountains. Fluvial drainage was dominantly endorheic in character, and terminated in playa, aeolian dune, sabkha or marsh settings. Whilst the ambient basin climate fluctuated through varying levels of aridity and humidity, the dispersal of sand into these basins was critically dependant on catchment run-off from the major, basin flanking regions. In the Early Triassic the Tethyan monsoon drove seasonal precipitation over the Variscan mountains which transported sediment northward into arid dune fields and playa. In addition, far-travelled fluvial systems supplied sediment from distant, wetter catchments. Through the Middle and Late Triassic the effects of the Tethyan monsoon apparently weakened, and sand-prone fluvial systems draining off the Variscan mountains were more limited in areal extent, but expanded during pluvial episodes. However, Greenland and Fennoscandia maintained sediment supply from the north, with perennial run-off from Fennoscandia able to maintain marshes and levels of vegetation cover not encountered elsewhere in the region and to episodically drive major exorheic drainage systems into the Tethys Sea. Published climatic simulations are consistent with these observations, which indicate that Greenland, and particularly Fennoscandia, had precipitation levels higher than the regions to the south with a positive precipitation: evaporation balance.

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Section: Southern Permian Basinmentioning

confidence: 93%

Triassic palaeogeography and fluvial dispersal across the northwest European Basins

2009

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“…These pedogenic nodular horizons are evidence of a depositional break and develop as a result of prolonged subaerial exposure (Hayward, 1983) following emergence of parts of the overbank plain with efflux of flood waters and shrinkage of lakes and ponds (Mader and Teyssen, 1985). Calcareous nodules or nodular beds are a prominent feature of flood basins in many areas (Leeder, 1975) and are conspicuous constituents ofdelta-plain deposits (McBrideet al,1975).…”

Section: Floodplainfines Associationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sequence analysis of the Ecca--Beaufort contact in the southern Karoo of South Africa

Rubidge

Hancox

Catuneanu

2000

South African Journal of Geology

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Sequence analysis of the Ecca-Beaufort boundary in the southern Karoo Basin has revealed three separate facies associations spanning the stratigraphic interval between the top of the Fort Brown Formation and the lowermost maroon mudrocks of the Beaufort Group. This sequence was deposited in prodelta, delta front, and delta plain environments respectively. The lithological contact between the rocks deposited in the delta front and delta plain represents the palaeoshoreline, and occurs only once in the stratigraphic sequence, suggesting a continuous normal regression from Ecca to Beaufort times. This diachronous shoreline is associated with deltaic progradation within a highstand systems tract. Sediment deposition was mainly a result of ephemeral flash floods, but perennial rivers also flowed from melting ice-capped highlands to the palaeosouth. Two separate fossil associations have been recognized and correlate with the lithological subdivisions. The lower fossil assemblage occurs in the Fort Brown and Waterford formations and is characterized by silicified wood, comminuted plant material, and fish scales. The upper association occurs only in the lower Beaufort Group and includes in situ equisitalean, and well-preserved Glossopteris plant fossils and tetrapods of the Eodicynodon Assemblage Zone. The Beaufort-Ecca boundary coincides with the position of the palaeoshoreline. This lithological contact also marks a change in depositional style and palaeontological character between the two groups. The new placement of the boundary is some 300-650m below the presently mapped contact in the south of the basin.underlying Ecca Group, also noting that the contact was gradational over a thickness of between 16 to 23 m. This criterion was also used by Venter (1969), who placed the base of the Beaufort Group at the first massive sandstone overlying the Ecca fines. Mountain (1946), Rossouw (1953), and Haughton etal.(1953addedtothislithological distinctionthefirst occurrence of red/maroon mudrocks as the boundary contact. Visser and Loock (1974) recognized the transitional nature of the contact, as suggested by Rogers and Du Toit (1909) and, for this reason, believed that the contact could be better placed via a combination of lithological and interpretative criteria, where there is evidence of a pronounced change of depositional environment from deep water to deltaic and fluvial environments, represented in the field by a zone of slump structures. Lemmer (1977) utilized these criteria in the Britstownarea,howeverNel (1977)feltthattheywerenotapplicable in the Hopetown area, as their use would imply the splitting of two major stratigraphic units. Terblanche (1979), working in the Carnarvon district, incorporated the first major sandstone overlying the Ecca fines into the upper Ecca, and placed the contact above this at the first occurrence of fluvial sandstones. In contrast, Ryan and Whitfield (1979) placed the contact in this region at the base of the first prominent sandstone overlying the Ecca fines. SACS (1980) adopted a co...

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“…Several workers [19][20][21][22] have cast doubt on the validity of the conventional (ANOVA) statistical technique for the analysis of circularly distributed directional data-like cross bedding azimuth. Mathematically, a cross bedding measurement is represented by a unit vector in a 3D space, which can be described by azimuth and dip angle.…”

Section: Statistical Analysis Of Cross Bedding Circular Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleocurrents, Paleohydraulics, and Palaegeography of Miocene-Pliocene Siwalik Foreland Basin of India

Khan¹,

Tewari²

2015

Advances in Geology

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Early Miocene-Pliocene Middle Siwalik Subgroup of Kuluchaur area, Uttarakhand, North India, comprises sheet-like, coarse to medium grained, cross bedded sandstone bodies and multistoreyed variegated mudstones. Paleocurrent study shows commonly unimodal and locally bimodal distribution and displays a high magnitude of resultant (R*=0.7337) oriented towards south-southwest (206° ± 42.27°). Palaeochannel morphological attributes suggest that the depositing river system was about 230 m wide and 4.5 m deep. These broad, shallow, and low sinuous channels with extensive flood plain flowed on a steeper slope (0.00043 degrees) with flow velocity of 60–140 cm/sec. It is visualized that the immature Middle Siwalik rocks were deposited by southward flowing braided rivers transverse to the Himalayas, predominantly in the form of overlapping alluvial fans similar to those depositing sediments at present in the Indo-Gangetic plains. Fairly consistent fluvial palaeoslopes, together with enormous thickness of sediments, are evidences of rapid subsidence of the basin. We conclude that the paleogeography of Indian subcontinent established at the onset of Miocene-Pliocene Siwalik sedimentation is continuing till today.

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Palaeoenvironmental interpretation of fluvial red beds by statistical analysis of palaeocurrent data: Examples from the buntsandstein (lower triassic) of the eifel and bavaria in the German basin (middle Europe)

Cited by 26 publications

References 97 publications

Triassic palaeogeography and fluvial dispersal across the northwest European Basins

Triassic palaeogeography and fluvial dispersal across the northwest European Basins

Sequence analysis of the Ecca--Beaufort contact in the southern Karoo of South Africa

Paleocurrents, Paleohydraulics, and Palaegeography of Miocene-Pliocene Siwalik Foreland Basin of India

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