Pakistan and diabetes—A country on the edge

Basit, Abdul; Fawwad, Asher; Baqa, Kulsoom

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2018.11.001

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In high-income countries, particularly the United States of America and some in Europe, more detailed economic data exist, enabling trends over time to be studied. Further information (and its practical use) are particularly needed where diabetes prevalence is increasing, and national and individual incomes are low [28]. Such information as does exist suggests that incremental use of medical care associated with diabetes is much greater in Sub-Saharan Africa (and, presumably, also in other low-income countries) than in industrialized countries [26].…”

Section: Regional and Country Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global and regional estimates and projections of diabetes-related health expenditure: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition

Williams

Karuranga

Malanda

et al. 2020

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

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645

428

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Diabetes and its complications have a significant economic impact on individuals and their families, health systems and national economies. Methods: The direct health expenditure of diabetes was calculated relying on the following inputs: diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes prevalence estimates, United Nations population estimates, World Health Organization health expenditure per capita and ratios of health expenditure for people with diabetes compared to people without diabetes. Results: The estimated global direct health expenditure on diabetes in 2019 is USD 760 billion and is expected to grow to a projected USD 825 billion by 2030 and USD 845 billion by 2045. There is a wide variation in annual health expenditures on diabetes. The United States of America has the highest estimated expenditure with USD 294.6 billion, followed by China and Brazil, with USD 109.0 billion and USD 52.3 billion, respectively. The age group with the largest annual diabetes-related health expenditure is 60-69 years with USD 177.7 billion, followed by 50-59 years, and 70-79 years with USD 173.0 billion and USD 171.5 billion, respectively. Slightly higher diabetes-related health expenditure is seen in women than in men (USD 382.6 billion vs. USD 377.6 billion, respectively). The same difference is expected to be present in 2030 and 2045.

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Section: Regional and Country Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phenomenon of ''catastrophic health spending"health spending that exceeds a predefined threshold of a household's ability to pay for health care [28] can be crippling for families but has not been studied in relation to diabetes in middle-and low-income countries. Anecdotally, it seems to be not uncommon.…”

Section: Regional and Country Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global and regional estimates and projections of diabetes-related health expenditure: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition

Williams

Karuranga

Malanda

et al. 2020

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

Self Cite

645

428

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The WHO report states that the largest number of patients with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases reside in India (Pandey et al 2013). In Pakistan, according to the national diabetes survey, the occurrence of diabetes is as much as 26.3% (27.4 million people), and 47 million people are hypertensive in a population of 207.77 million (Basit et al 2019). Recently, another major health problem of liver disorder is also spreading rapidly in the Indo-Pak society.…”

Section: Nutraceutical Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indo-Pak Medicinal Plants and Their Endophytes: An Emphasis on Nutraceutical and Bioactive Potential

2021

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The Indo-Pak region has deep historical roots of traditional medicine. In both Pakistan and India, the local population has relied upon the Unani-Tibb (Graeco-Arabic) and Ayurveda medicinal systems for centuries. With the increase in our understanding of ethnobotany and endophytes, the significance of the traditional plants in the region has also increased. The traditional Indo-Pak plants such as Neem and Tulsi have been studied not only for their wide array of pharmaceutical activities but also for their endophytes. Extracts of different parts of neem have been used as antimicrobial, antiviral, antimalarial, anti-carcinogenic, antipyretic, anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory agents, whereas its seeds are a rich source of proteins and fatty acids. Latest researches have proved the nutraceutical potential of plants such as imli, amla and soanjna in the Indo-Pak region. Further understanding of these plants can lead to unbeatable bioactive and nutraceutical sources. In this chapter, we will focus on the traditional plants of the Indo-Pak region, their endophytes particularly the genus actinomycetes and the recent studies done on their diverse metabolites.

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“…Currently, the literature shows that almost 8.8% of the world population is diabetic 1 . In 2016-17 national diabetic survey of Pakistan was carried out in different parts of the country and 26% of the Pakistani population was found to be diabetic 2,3 . The prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions among diabetics is not uniform globally but vary significantly in different parts of the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Age, Gender and Duration of Diabetes Mellitus on Thyroid Dysfunction in Patients of Diabetic

Ali¹,

Shah

Ali

et al. 2021

PAFMJ

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Objective: To compare the effect of age, gender and duration of diabetes mellitus on thyroid dysfunction in patients of diabetic Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Medicine department, Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar, from Oct 2015 to Oct 2017. Methodology: The study was conducted after taking permission from hospital ethical review committee. Information was entered in the proforma, which included demographic information like age in years, gender, duration of disease and type of diabetes mellitus (DM) type. Already diagnosed patients with diabetes mellitus were included in the study. Thyroid function tests were carried out by standard laboratory procedure. Results: A total of 179 patients were included in our study, 114 (63.7%) were female and 65 (36.3%) were male. Mean body mass index in our study was 29.85 ± 3.88 kg/m2. Out of 179 patients 46 (25.7%) had thyroid dysfunction (TD). Out of the 46 patients with thyroid dysfunction, 14 patients (7.8%) had clinical hypothyroidism, while subclinical hypothyroidism was seen in 25 patients (14%). Clinical hyperthyroidism was reported in 3 (1.7%), while subclinical hyperthyroidism in 4 (2.2%) patients respectively. Conclusion: Age of patients, gender and duration of disease affect thyroid functions in patients with diabetes mellitus. Thyroid profile should be carried out in diabetic patients whose blood sugar level is difficult to control.

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Pakistan and diabetes—A country on the edge

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Global and regional estimates and projections of diabetes-related health expenditure: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition

Global and regional estimates and projections of diabetes-related health expenditure: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition

Indo-Pak Medicinal Plants and Their Endophytes: An Emphasis on Nutraceutical and Bioactive Potential

Effect of Age, Gender and Duration of Diabetes Mellitus on Thyroid Dysfunction in Patients of Diabetic

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