Oxidative Stress and Male Infertility: A Clinical Perspective

Tremellen, Kelton

doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-776-7_16

Cited by 247 publications

(356 citation statements)

References 188 publications

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“…In addition, oxidative stress and a disrupted antioxidant system are reported to be involved in a variety of pregnancy complications such as preterm labor, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia and miscarriage Sugino et al, 2007). Numerous studies have also shown that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathophysiology of infertility (Tremellen, 2008;Ruder et al, 2009) and assisted fertility .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress status of highly prolific sows during gestation and lactation

Berchieri-Ronchi

Kim

Yan

et al. 2011

Animal

148

122

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Elevated oxidative stress is reported to be associated with pregnancy complications in highly prolific sows. Oxidative DNA damage and the antioxidant status were determined in blood samples collected during the course of gestation and lactation in multiparous sows. Blood samples were drawn from sows (n 5 5) on days 30, 60, 90 and 110 of gestation (G30, G60, G90 and G110, respectively), on day 3, 10 and 18 of lactation (L3, L10 and L18, respectively) and on day 5 of postweaning (W5). Lymphocytes were isolated from the fresh blood and cryopreserved in each time point. Lymphocyte DNA damage was analyzed by alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) to determine the single-and double-strand brakes and endogenous antioxidant concentrations using an HPLC system with UV detection. The comet assay showed elevated (P , 0.05) DNA damage (between 38% and 47%) throughout the gestational and lactational periods than during early gestation (G30; 21%). Plasma retinol concentration was reduced (P , 0.05) at the end of gestation (G110) compared with G30. Plasma a-tocopherol concentrations also showed a similar trend as to retinol. This study indicates that there is an increased systemic oxidative stress during late gestation and lactation, which are not fully recovered until the weaning compared with the G30, and that antioxidant nutrients in circulation substantially reduced in the mother pig at G110.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress status of highly prolific sows during gestation and lactation

Berchieri-Ronchi

Kim

Yan

et al. 2011

Animal

148

122

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“…Observational studies have also found a lower frequency of sperm aneuploidy in men with a higher dietary intake of antioxidants than in those with a lower intake. 10,11 Increased ROS production by leukocytes seems to be a direct consequence of inflammatory processes or of vascular diseases leading to hypoxia or ischaemia, with varicocele playing a significant role. [12][13][14][15] It should also be stressed that immature teratozoospermic forms produce relatively more ROS than normal, mature sperm 16 and that semen from fertile men has a more effective antioxidant capacity than that from infertile men.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of antioxidant therapy in the treatment of male infertility: an overview

Lombardo¹,

Sansone²,

Romanelli³

et al. 2011

Asian J Androl

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In recent years, many studies have focused on the effect of oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants on the male eproductive system. Under physiological conditions, sperm produces small amounts of ROS, which are needed for fertilisation, acrosome reaction and capacitation. However, if an increased production of ROS is not associated with a similar increase in scavenging systems, peroxidative damage of the sperm plasma membrane and loss of DNA integrity typically occur, which leads to cell death and reduced fertility. Furthermore, since there is no linear correlation between sperm quality and pregnancy rates, an improvement in semen parameters should not be the sole outcome considered in studies of antioxidant therapies. A definitive conclusion regarding the benefit of these therapies is difficult to obtain, as most of the previous studies lacked control groups, considered different antioxidants in different combinations and doses, or did not evaluate pregnancy rates in previously infertile couples. Even if beneficial effects were reported in a few cases of male infertility, more multicentre, double-blind studies performed with the same criteria are necessary for an increased understanding of the effects of various antioxidants on fertility.

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“…40 Naturally occurring antioxidants abound in the testis and semen, but cellular damage can occur when homeostatic mechanisms are perturbed. Excessive ROS have been detected in seminal plasma and are produced by both sperm and neutrophils.…”

Section: Reactive Oxygen Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is thought that excessive ROS damages sperm membranes, reduces sperm motility, and induces sperm DNA damage. 40 Although antioxidant treatments may improve ROS balance, increases in naturally pregnancy rates have not been as obviously forthcoming. For these reasons, semen ROS levels are not a commonly performed sperm function assay.…”

Section: Reactive Oxygen Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For these reasons, semen ROS levels are not a commonly performed sperm function assay. 40 Sperm Hyaluronic Acid Binding It is clear that except for rare instances, such as globozoospermia and multiflagellated forms, sperm shape does not predict underlying chromosomal aneuploidy. Thus, selection of sperm for ICSI by "normal" morphology does not ensure the absence of chromosomal aneuploidy.…”

Section: Reactive Oxygen Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Assessment of New Sperm Tests for Male Infertility

Natali

Turek

2011

Urology

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The routine semen analysis, although used for more than 50 years, fails to accurately distinguish between fertile and infertile men. As a consequence, many tests of sperm function (TSF) have been developed. This review discusses both older and newer diagnostic TSF. It outlines the principles underlying each assay and reviews aggregate clinical data to determine its current relevance and utility. It concludes that the relevance of many older TSF is questionable, with the wide acceptance of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Newer TSF have the potential to deliver more clinically relevant information but require more extensive study to better understand their predictive role in the ICSI era. UROLOGY 77: 1027-1034, 2011. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.I n addition to the medical history and physical examination, the conventional semen analysis has been an essential laboratory test for the evaluation of male fertility for at least 50 years. However, the idea that fertility can be defined by threshold values of semen parameters is a concept that is fundamentally flawed. 1 Although not a true measure of fertility, the semen analysis, if abnormal, suggests that the probability of achieving fertility is lower than normal. 2 Because of biological variability, two semen analyses are generally needed, performed with two to three days of sexual abstinence and evaluated in a standardized fashion. 2 Recognized normal values for semen parameters are given in Table 1 in agreement with the latest recommendations by the World Health Organization (WHO). 2 Traditionally, (except for the latest WHO recommendations), these references are derived by expert consensus and not by prospective clinical trials and thus their true relationship to male fertility is unclear. In addition, the definition of what constitutes "normal" semen parameters is constantly challenged. A meta-analysis of 29 US studies of semen quality from 9612 fertile, or presumably fertile, men suggested that a sperm concentration of 98 million/mL is normal. 3 Although sperm motility is considered the "best" predictor of fertility, normal sperm motility ranges from 53% to 62%. 4 Thus, simply deriving "normal" semen parameters has been a prohibitively lengthy and inconclusive process to date.Finally, other biological variables affect the clinical utility of the semen analysis. In addition to wide intraindividual variation, seasonal 5 and geographic variation 4 further complicate the performance of the semen analysis as a fertility measure. As examples, within-subject, interejaculate coefficients of variation for sperm concentration and motility are estimated at 44.7% and 15% in one study. 1 Thus, even with excellent quality control, wide biological variation in semen quality profoundly challenges the notion that the conventional semen analysis can accurately assess male fertility. OLDER ADJUNCTIVE SPERM TESTSBecause of the need to more precisely characterize normal fertile semen, adjunctive semen testing has become popular (Figure 1). The concept behind de...

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Oxidative Stress and Male Infertility: A Clinical Perspective

Cited by 247 publications

References 188 publications

Oxidative stress status of highly prolific sows during gestation and lactation

Oxidative stress status of highly prolific sows during gestation and lactation

The role of antioxidant therapy in the treatment of male infertility: an overview

An Assessment of New Sperm Tests for Male Infertility

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