Oxidative stress and cardiovascular health: therapeutic potential of polyphenols

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important in normal cellular function and physiology. However, oxidative stress resulting from an accumulation of ROS has a detrimental impact on cellular function, and ROS has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. This review provides a summary of the impact of ROS on cardiovascular health and diseases, highlighting the therapeutic use of antioxidants. In addition, this review summarizes the health benefits of polyphenols, and the recent progress on understanding the cellular and physiological actions by which polyphenols may impart their beneficial properties on cardiovascular health.

Cardioameliorative effect of punicalagin against streptozotocin-induced apoptosis, redox imbalance, metabolic changes and inflammation

“…The increase in ROS resulting from sustained hyperglycemia can lead to myocardial inflammation, which is characterized by the production of large number of cytokines [46]. Previous studies reported that the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and ROS were markedly increased and were associated with impaired glucose tolerance [47,48]. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that punicalagin can modulate cellular activity during inflammation due to its antioxidant properties.…”

The Protective Effects of a Polyphenol‐Enriched Protein Powder on Exercise‐Induced Susceptibility to Virus Infection

“…Polyphenols are abundant micronutrients in our diet and are widespread constituents of fruits, vegetables, cereals, chocolates and beverages such as tea, coffee, beer and wine. Numerous studies have revealed that polyphenols exert beneficial effects on human health, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity (Gonzalez-Vallinas et al, 2013;Khurana et al, 2013;Landete, 2012). Furthermore, polyphenols derived from various sources have been reported to exert activity against a variety of infectious organisms such as respiratory, sexually transmitted and food-borne viruses, and pathogenic bacterial strains (Andrae-Marobela et al, 2013;Daglia, 2012;Fioravanti et al, 2012;Li et al, 2013).…”

Antiapoptotic Actions of Methyl Gallate on Neonatal Rat Cardiac Myocytes Exposed to H2O2

“…Epidemiological studies have provided strong evidence in support of improved cardiovascular health in populations with consumption of diets rich in polyphenols [13, 14]. Studies using polyphenols have shown their beneficial effects in alleviating the effects of oxidative stress or modulating signaling pathways or both thereby reducing cardiovascular disease sequelae [15–17].…”