Oxidative stress and antioxidant markers in patients with alopecia areata: A comparative cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background Alopecia areata is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Oxidative stress may contribute to the pathogenesis of this condition. Aim To evaluate the serum oxidative stress markers and antioxidant capacity in patients with alopecia areata. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 40 patients with alopecia areata and 40 healthy controls. The fasting blood sugar, C-reactive protein, lipid profile, and serum oxidative markers, including advanced glycation end products and advanced oxidation protein products, were measured in this study. Also, antioxidant enzymes, including paraoxonase-1, lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase and serum ferric-reducing antioxidant power, were determined. Results The serum levels of advanced glycation end products and advanced oxidation protein products were significantly higher in patients with alopecia areata, compared to the controls (P < 0.001), whereas the levels of ferric-reducing antioxidant power, paraoxonase-1 and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase were significantly lower in patients with alopecia areata, compared to the controls (P < 0.001). The mean fasting blood sugar level was significantly higher in patients with alopecia areata, compared to the controls. The ferric reducing antioxidant power level was significantly associated with the percentage of hair loss (P = 0.01, r = 0.4) and the serum C-reactive protein level (P = 0.03, r = -0.3) in patients with alopecia areata. Limitations Since the current study had a cross-sectional design, no cause-effect relationship was established between alopecia areata and oxidative stress. The sample size of our study was also small. Conclusion Based on the present results, the oxidant-antioxidant enzymatic system is impaired in alopecia areata due to the increased oxidative products and decreased antioxidant activity.

Paraoxonase and arylesterase activity of serum PON-1 enzyme in psoriatic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…In two studies [29,39], patients had significantly higher PON-1 activity than controls (mean difference range, 0.65 to 0.68). In the remaining ten [30,31,[34][35][36][37][38][40][41][42], patients had lower PON-1 activity than healthy subjects (mean difference range, − 0.27 to -16.65) with a non-significant difference reported only in one study [38]. Extreme heterogeneity was observed (I 2 = 96.9%, p < 0.001).…”

“…6 Forest plot of studies examining serum PON concentration in psoriasis and controls according to continent where the study was conducted size of PON-1 activity was not significantly affected when each study was in turn removed. The study by Shakoei et al [42] influenced graph symmetry with a possible effect on the effect size. After removing this study, the SMD remained significant with persistent extreme heterogeneity between studies.…”

“…After a full-text revision of remaining 15 articles, one was further excluded because of missing data. Thus, 14 studies in 691 patients with a mean age of 36 years (50% males) and 724 healthy controls with a mean age of 34 years (49% males) were included in the meta-analysis [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. The characteristics of the retrieved studies, published between 2009 and 2021, are presented in Table 1.…”

“…Twelve studies in 537 patients (mean age 36 years, 50% males) and 562 healthy controls with a mean age of 34 years (51% males) were evaluated [29][30][31][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. Five studies were conducted in Asia [29,31,35,37,42], four in Europe [30,36,40,41], two in America [38,39], and one in Africa [34].…”

Alterations of HDL’s to piHDL’s Proteome in Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, and HDL-Targeted Therapies

“…Moreover, quantification of some proteins like fibrinogen, Hx, or apoA-IV has a non-significant but distinct increasing trend and apoC-I decreasing trend in psoriatic patients [ 330 ]. Other studies observed enhanced HDL-associated Lp-PLA 2 activity, decreased PON1 activity in HDL [ 329 ], but also in plasma [ 353 ], and decreased serum Gpx-3 [ 365 ], LCAT [ 353 , 354 ], and CETP activity [ 343 ] in psoriatic patients compared to healthy subjects.…”