Oxidation and Reduction of Sulfur Compounds in Soils

Starkey, Robert L.

doi:10.1097/00010694-196604000-00009

Cited by 95 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…Although the mixture of rock phosphate and S 0 described by Panknin and Lipman was not normally used in agriculture at that time, it stimulated interest in S transformations and the biochemistry of Soxidizing bacteria in soils (Starkey, 1966). Whereas T. novellus, T. thioparus and T. denitrificans were normally detected in soils with pH close to 7.0, T. thiooxidans and T. ferrooxidans were rarely detected under the same conditions.…”

Section: Microbial Oxidation Of S 0 In Soil the Genus Thiobacillusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas T. novellus, T. thioparus and T. denitrificans were normally detected in soils with pH close to 7.0, T. thiooxidans and T. ferrooxidans were rarely detected under the same conditions. Additionally, several studies failed to isolate these species from agricultural soils, even after the use of S 0 enrichment procedures (Starkey, 1966). Further studies regarding S 0 oxidation in many countries showed variable results.…”

Section: Microbial Oxidation Of S 0 In Soil the Genus Thiobacillusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sulfur in agriculture

Lucheta¹,

Lambais

2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYSulfur (S) deficiency in soils is becoming increasingly common in many areas of the world as a result of agronomic practices, high biomass exportation and reduced S emissions to the atmosphere. In this review, the incidence and commercial exploitation of S pools in nature are discussed, as well as the importance of S for plants and the organic and inorganic S forms in soil and their transformations, especially the process of microbiological oxidation of elemental sulfur (S 0 ) as an alternative to the replenishment of S levels in the soil. The diversity of S 0 -oxidizing microorganisms in soils, in particular the genus Thiobacillus, and the biochemical mechanisms of S 0 oxidation in bacteria were also addressed. Finally, the main methods to measure the S 0 oxidation rate in soils and the variables that influence this process were revised.Index terms: fertilization, agriculture, microbial diversity, soil fertility. RESUMO: ENXOFRE NA AGRICULTURA A deficiência de enxofre (S) nos solos vem se tornando cada vez mais comum em várias áreas do mundo em razão de práticas agronômicas, alta exportação de biomassa e redução das emissões atmosféricas. Nesta revisão são abordados a incidência, a exploração comercial e estoques de S na natureza, a importância do S para as plantas, as formas orgânicas e inorgânicas no solo e suas transformações, assim como, principalmente, o processo de oxidação microbiológica do enxofre elementar (S 0 ) como alternativa para a reposição dos níveis de S do solo. Também é abordada a diversidade de microrganismos oxidantes de S

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Section: Microbial Oxidation Of S 0 In Soil the Genus Thiobacillusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbial Oxidation Of S 0 In Soil the Genus Thiobacillusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur in agriculture

Lucheta¹,

Lambais

2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…Pyrite is reported to be more thermodynamically stable [80] and more resistant to oxidation than amorphous mono-sulphide precipitates [81], although the environmental consequences on oxidation are more severe [74]. The mechanisms of pyrite formation are poorly understood [82,83] and reported processes vary.…”

Section: Changes In Mineral Form During Prolonged Flooding: Sulphate mentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Risk of Metal Mining Contaminated River Bank Sediment at Redox-Transitional Zones

2014

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Diffuse metal pollution from mining impacted sediment is widely recognised as a potential source of contamination to river systems and may significantly hinder the achievement of European Union Water Framework Directive objectives. Redox-transitional zones that form along metal contaminated river banks as a result of flood and drought cycles could cause biogeochemical changes that alter the behaviour of polyvalent metals iron and manganese and anions such as sulphur. Trace metals are often partitioned with iron, manganese and sulphur minerals in mining-contaminated sediment, therefore the dissolution and precipitation of these minerals may influence the mobility of potentially toxic trace metals. Research indicates that freshly precipitated metal oxides and sulphides may be more "reactive" (more adsorbent and prone to dissolution when conditions change) than older crystalline forms. Fluctuations at the oxic-anoxic interface brought about through changes in the frequency and duration of flood and drought episodes may therefore influence the reactivity of secondary minerals that form in the sediment and the flux of dissolved trace metal release. UK climate change models predict longer dry periods for some regions, interspersed with higher magnitude flood events. If we are to fully comprehend the future environmental risk these climate change events pose to mining impacted river systems it is recommended that research efforts focus on identifying the primary controls on trace metal release at the oxic-anoxic interface for flood and drought cycles of different duration and frequency. This paper critically reviews the literature regarding biogeochemical processes that occur at different temporal scales during oxic, OPEN ACCESSMinerals 2014, 4 53 reducing and dry periods and focuses on how iron and sulphur based minerals may alter in form and reactivity and influence the mobility of trace metal contaminants. It is clear that changes in redox potential can alter the composition of secondary iron and sulphur minerals and influence the sorption of toxic trace metals and susceptibility to dissolution when further redox potential changes occur. However further work is needed to determine: (i) The extent to which different duration and frequency of wet and dry cycles influences the dissolution and precipitation of iron and sulphur minerals in mining contaminated river bank sediment; (ii) The temporal effects on mineral reactivity (sorption capacity and susceptibility to dissolution); (iii) The key biogeochemical processes that control the mobility of contaminant trace metals under these dynamic redox potential conditions.

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“…As H + -ions are involved in the reduction processes, the pH of the soil will change (Starkey, 1966;Ponnamperuma et al, 1966;Gotoh & Yamashita, 1966;Mukhopadhyay et al, 1967). In acid soils the process of reduction proceeds more rapidly than in alkali soils, as more H + -ions are available.…”

Section: Oxidation-reduction Status Of the Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Leaking Natural Gas on Soil and Vegetation in Urban Areas

Hoeks¹

1975

Soil Science

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Oxidation and Reduction of Sulfur Compounds in Soils

Cited by 95 publications

References 0 publications

Sulfur in agriculture

Sulfur in agriculture

Environmental Risk of Metal Mining Contaminated River Bank Sediment at Redox-Transitional Zones

Effect of Leaking Natural Gas on Soil and Vegetation in Urban Areas

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