Overlapping and distinct features of viral and allergen immunity in the human lung

Harker, James A.; Lloyd, Clare M.

doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2021.03.010

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 167 publications

(190 reference statements)

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“…MAIT cells are the second set of unconventional T cells abundant in the human lung and are defined by expression of a semi-invariant TCR recognizing metabolic derivatives of the riboflavin synthesis pathway presented on MHC-related protein-1 (MR1) ( Provine and Klenerman, 2020 ). MAIT cells provide rapid, antigen-specific immunity against bacterial infections and are important during antiviral response in humans, though this is more likely antigen-agnostic activation mediated by synergistic activities of IL18, IFN-I, IL12, and IL15 ( van Wilgenburg et al., 2016 ; Harker and Lloyd, 2021 ). During experimental murine influenza infection, MAIT cells were shown to be necessary to protect mice against lethal A/H1N1 challenge ( van Wilgenburg et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Innate Respiratory Response: Structural and Non-circulating ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this model, MAIT cells accumulated early (days 3-5) and were activated to express CD69, CD25, and granzyme B (GzmB) by local cytokines rather than MR1-restricted antigens ( van Wilgenburg et al., 2018 ). Like MAITs, iNKT cells are activated by cytokine responses during viral infection but can also mediate antigen-specific responses to self- and microbial-derived lipids presented to a limited, CD1-restricted TCR repertoire ( Harker and Lloyd, 2021 ). Activation of iNKT cells is important for antiviral responses in the lung, and direct activation of these cells with an intranasal iNKT agonist led to rapid and enhanced protection of piglets from lethal A/H1N1 influenza challenge, suggesting these cells may be a therapeutic target in treatment of severe influenza ( Artiaga et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Innate Respiratory Response: Structural and Non-circulating ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mucosal immune responses to infection and vaccination in the respiratory tract

Mettelman

Allen²,

Thomas³

2022

Immunity

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Section: Innate Respiratory Response: Structural and Non-circulating ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Innate Respiratory Response: Structural and Non-circulating ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosal immune responses to infection and vaccination in the respiratory tract

Mettelman

Allen²,

Thomas³

2022

Immunity

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“…It is known that the respiratory system is highly susceptible to environmental contamination. Airways are the access door to a number of chemical compounds, microorganisms or viruses that can injure lungs [62][63][64][65][66]. Cadmium is a heavy metal associated with lung damage or pulmonary cancer [67,68] and the sources of cadmium contamination are related to industry applications, color pigments, fossil fuel combustion, Ni-Cd batteries, and the use of phosphate fertilizers [69].…”

Section: Soy and The Respiratory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean Seed Compounds as Natural Health Protectors

Boldrini¹,

Molinero²,

Chaca³

et al. 2022

Legumes Research - Volume 2

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Glycine max (L) Merrill, better known as soy or soybean, is a legume of asian origin considered an excellent biotype, given the fact that it contains almost everything the human being needs for the diet. Its cultivation worldwide is one of the most important, and soy itself and its derivatives are highly on demand. The health effects of soy derived foods have been investigated for more than 25 years, and some of them remain controversial. On the other hand, we wondered if soy could be used to ameliorate the toxic effects of heavy metals. Therefore, in this chapter we review general characteristics of soy as well as its nutritional potential, and we compiled the newest information about the health effects of soy. In order to test our hypothesis, we developed a model of animals exposed to cadmium, and we gave them a soy based diet, comparing it with a casein-based diet as control. This allowed us to collect information about its effect on the respiratory and nervous system. Among the results of this review, we show that it reduces the cholesterol level and obesity while also having antidiabetic effects. We enumerate the benefits of soy-based diets on the respiratory system, such as protection against lung cancer and radiotherapy, better lung function in asthma patients and protection against cadmium intoxication. In the cardiovascular system it reduces the risk of coronary heart disease, improves blood pressure, glycemic control, and inflammation while it reduces not all but some of the alterations induced by cadmium exposure on the aorta and heart. It apparently promotes neurogenesis, improves cognitive functions, and reduces the oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by cadmium exposure in the cerebellum. Taken all together, this information let us conclude that soy consumption would exhibit numerous benefits for human health, although future studies should try to elucidate the best outcome considering variables such as gender, age, treatment duration and dosage of soy products consumption in the diet.

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“…Dendritic cells (DCs), located throughout the airways, are the quintessential antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that bridge the innate and adaptive immune system, but they also exert other relevant functions in the initiation of the antiviral response. Although some differences exist between mice and men, 19 DCs can be subdivided into the following subsets: conventional DCs 1 and 2 (cDC1s and cDC2s, respectively), plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), and monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs). The cDCs become activated through uptake of viral particles from the lung and stimulation by proinflammatory mediators in the microenvironment.…”

Section: Dendritic Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immune Response to Respiratory Viruses: From Start to Memory

Reijnders

Schuurman

Poll

2021

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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Biomedical research has long strived to improve our understanding of the immune response to respiratory viral infections, an effort that has become all the more important as we live through the consequences of a pandemic. The disease course of these infections is shaped in large part by the actions of various cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems. While these cells are crucial in clearing viral pathogens and establishing long-term immunity, their effector mechanisms may also escalate into excessive, tissue-destructive inflammation detrimental to the host. In this review, we describe the breadth of the immune response to infection with respiratory viruses such as influenza and respiratory syncytial virus. Throughout, we focus on the host rather than the pathogen and try to describe shared patterns in the host response to different viruses. We start with the local cells of the airways, onto the recruitment and activation of innate and adaptive immune cells, followed by the establishment of local and systemic memory cells key in protection against reinfection. We end by exploring how respiratory viral infections can predispose to bacterial superinfection.

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Overlapping and distinct features of viral and allergen immunity in the human lung

Cited by 17 publications

References 167 publications

Mucosal immune responses to infection and vaccination in the respiratory tract

Mucosal immune responses to infection and vaccination in the respiratory tract

Soybean Seed Compounds as Natural Health Protectors

The Immune Response to Respiratory Viruses: From Start to Memory

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