Outbreak of Enterotoximia due to Escherichia coli in Piglets

Kawashima, Kazuharu; Kageyama, Minoru; Itou, Ken-iti; Katou, Saburou; Mizoguti, Touru; Tsutiya, Mamoru

doi:10.12935/jvma1951.50.89

Cited by 2 publications

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“…In contrast, × 1 and × 50 MIC of ERFX as a new quinolone suppressed the production of Stx 2e from ETEEC O139 in the present study. Actually, opposite reactions to treatment with new quinolones have been reported; in one case an accidental death occurred due to treatment with new quinolones for pigs with ED [7], and in another case ERFX and orbifloxacin were useful for treatment of pigs infected with ED [20]. It is likely that the effects on ETEEC differ among the new quinolones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, some antimicrobial agents have been reported to increase the release of Stxs from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) associated with enterohemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome of humans in vitro [4,10,13,22,23]. In ED affected farms, deaths of piglets associated with antimicrobial treatment have increased in number [7,24]. Until now, however, there has been no investigation to determine the effect of antimicrobial agents on the production and release of Stx 2e by ETEEC.…”

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Effect of Antimicrobial Agents on the Production and Release of Shiga Toxin by Enterotoxaemic <i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolates from Pigs

Uemura

Sueyoshi

Taura

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Edema disease (ED) of pigs is an enterotoxaemic disease caused by enterotoxaemic Escherichia coli (ETEEC) infection. Antimicrobial therapy for pigs with ED is controversial because it may induce death of sickish piglets. In this study, we investigated the effects in vitro of 7 antimicrobial agents, ampicillin, gentamicin, colistin, bicozamycin, fosfomycin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and enrofloxacin, on the release and production of shiga toxin (Stx) 2e by ETEEC strains. We found that more Stx 2e accumulated in the bacterial cells than was released into supernatant. Associated with inhibition of cell wall synthesis, the exposure to ampicillin or fosfomycin increased the release of Stx 2e. The production levels of Stx 2e in all antimicrobial-treated cultures were equal to the level in the control or less than in the control. These results suggest that cell wall synthesis inhibitors, such as ampicillin and fosfomycin, may change for the worse in the signs in ETEEC infectious pigs. On the other hand, gentamicin, colistin, bicozamycin and enrofloxac in may be useful for the treatment of pigs with ED. KEY WORDS: antimicrobia, edema disease, enterotoxaemic Escherichia coli, shiga toxin 2e, swine.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 66(8): 899-903, 2004 Edema disease (ED) of the pig has been found throughout the world since ED was first reported in Ireland in 1938 [17]. ED has been a sporadically occurring disease found mainly in post-weaned piglets that causes systemic vascular damage as a result of intestinal infection with shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli (STEC) [1,2,5]. The STEC is also called enterotoxaemic Escherichia coli (ETEEC) [14]. After ETEEC colonizes in the intestines, shiga toxin (Stx) 2e produced by the ETEEC is absorbed into the capillary vessels and then damages the endothelial cells [1,2,5]. The manifestations of ED include palpebral edema, neurological impairment, lateral recumbence and sudden death [1,2]. The speed of onset and severity of clinical signs and gross pathological lesions are related to the dose of the toxin. Intervals between injection and onset of the disease vary from 7 to 28 hr, the mean time to death being from 24 to 42 hr [2]. Classical ED has been seen to occur sporadically and subside spontaneously [1,2,8,11]. Recently, ED has tended to persist and spread, causing great economic damage to pig farmers [20,21,24].Antimicrobial administration has been used as one of the most common treatments for the eradication of STEC from the intestines of humans and animals [12,14,16,22]. Nevertheless, some antimicrobial agents have been reported to increase the release of Stxs from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) associated with enterohemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome of humans in vitro [4,10,13,22,23]. In ED affected farms, deaths of piglets associated with antimicrobial treatment have increased in number [7,24]. Until now, however, there has been no investigation to determine the effect of antimicrobial agents on the production and release of Stx 2e by ETEEC.In ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Antimicrobial Agents on the Production and Release of Shiga Toxin by Enterotoxaemic <i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolates from Pigs

Uemura

Sueyoshi

Taura

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…In addition, it is controversial that there exists the risk of worsening the body condition by antimicrobial treatment, which might be caused by the release of Stx induced by particular antimicrobials (4,6,8). We are currently trying to elucidate the influence of various antimicrobial agents on Stx release, and are aiming at the establishment of an ED treatment method using antimicrobials.…”

Section: C)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Shiga Toxin‐Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Pigs with Edema Disease in Japan

Uemura

Sueyoshi

Nagayoshi

et al. 2003

Microbiology and Immunology

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Fifty‐seven Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains isolated from pigs with edema disease (ED) from 1997 to 2001 in Japan were examined for antimicrobial susceptibilities. The susceptibilities were compared with those of E. coli ATCC 23546 isolated from pig with ED in the 1950's. Consequently, the isolated STECs showed high susceptibility to peptides and bicozamycin in a way similar to the reference strain. On the other hand, the STECs showed low susceptibility to beta‐lactams, tetracyclines, novobiocin, fosfomycin, trimethoprim, and old quinolones. It became clear that the susceptibilities of the isolated STECs had diminished in regard to antimicrobials.

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Outbreak of Enterotoximia due to Escherichia coli in Piglets

Cited by 2 publications

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Effect of Antimicrobial Agents on the Production and Release of Shiga Toxin by Enterotoxaemic <i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolates from Pigs

Effect of Antimicrobial Agents on the Production and Release of Shiga Toxin by Enterotoxaemic <i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolates from Pigs

Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Shiga Toxin‐Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Pigs with Edema Disease in Japan

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