Abstract:L’ecthyma contagieux du chameau (ECC) est une maladie de peau très contagieuse des ovins, des caprins et des chameaux causée par un Parapoxvirus. Cette étude rapporte une épidémie d’ECC dans un troupeau de 34 chameaux/dromadaires, dont 24 étaient infectés. Les animaux malades ont présenté des lésions papuleuses importantes sur les lèvres et les pattes, une augmentation de la température corporelle, un ptyalisme, une halitose et un œdème facial. Staphylococcus aureus a été identifié dans certains échantillons. … Show more
BackgroundCamel contagious ecthyma (CCE) is an important viral disease of
camelids caused by a poxvirus of the genus
parapoxvirus (PPV) of the family Poxviridae. The disease has been reported in west and
east of the Sudan causing economical losses. However, the PPVs that cause the
disease in camels of the Sudan have not yet subjected to genetic characterization.
At present, the PPV that cause CCE cannot be properly classified because only few
isolates that have been genetically analyzed.Methods and resultsPCR was used to amplify the B2L gene of the PPV directly from
clinical specimens collected from dromedary camels affected with contagious
ecthyma in the Sudan between 1993 and 2013. PCR products were sequenced and
subjected to genetic analysis. The results provided evidence for close
relationships and genetic variation of the camel PPV (CPPV) represented by the
circulation of both Pseudocowpox virus (PCPV) and Orf virus (ORFV) strains among
dromedary camels in the Sudan. Based on the B2L gene sequence the available CPPV
isolates can be divided into two genetic clades or lineages; the Asian lineage
represented by isolates from Saudi Arabia, Bahrain and India and the African
lineage comprising isolates from the Sudan.ConclusionThe camel parapoxvirus is genetically diverse involving
predominantly viruses close to PCPV in addition to ORFVs, and can be divided into
two genetically distant lineages. Based on sequences of the B2L gene it is not
possible to suggest that the viruses that cause CCE form a monophylogenetic group
or species within the PPV phylogeny.
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