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Introduction. Dysarthria is a disorder of motor dynamics, which manifests itself in oral speech in the form of illegibility and indistinctness. Also motor realization is impaired, the mobility of the organs of speech (soft palate, tongue, lips) is limited, and so articulation is difficult. Correction of dysarthria only with the help of exercises with a speech therapist is not always effective enough; therefore, there is a constant search for methods that would make it possible to solve speech therapy problems more efficiently and in a shorter time. In this regard, there is great interest in osteopathic correction. The somatic dysfunctions and the results of osteopathic correction of children with dysarthria are described in sufficient detail in the available literary, but only for the end of treatment. The question of preservation of the achieved osteopathic correction results is practically not covered.Aim is to study the long-term results of osteopathic correction of somatic dysfunctions in children aged 5–6 years with dysarthria.Materials and methods. The study involved children with an established diagnosis of dysarthria at the age of 5–6 years. The study participants were divided into the control (15 people) and the main (26 people) groups. The participants in the control group received speech therapy, the participants in the main group received speech therapy and osteopathic correction. The logopaedic, osteopathic and neurological examinations were performed at the start of the study. The logopaedic examination was repeated 12 months after the completion of the correction. The osteopathic examination was repeated immediately after the completion of the correction, after 6 and 12 months. The neurological examination was repeated 6 and 12 months after the completion of the correction.Results. During the study of the long-term results of the correction performed in the both groups, there was a positive trend in several indicators characterizing the severity of speech impairment, including impaired speech pronunciation and dysarthria. In the main group, the dynamics was statistically significantly (p<0,05) more pronounced than in the control group. In the main group, there was a statistically significant (p<0,05) decrease in the severity of global and regional somatic dysfunctions, as well as a decrease in the detection frequency of local disorders of the craniosacral system and local visceral dysfunctions. Also in the main group there was a significant (p<0,05) decrease in the detection frequency of disorders of several indicators characterizing neurological status, including such indicators as convergence, facial symmetry, pharyngeal reflex, neck muscle tension, Romberg posture, local soreness, maskiness, the location of the tongue in the center, the condition of the muscles of the floor of the mouth, the tension of the muscles of the neck, fi nger-nose test.Conclusion. The study demonstrated not only the clinical efficacy of the combined use of osteopathic correction and speech therapy, but also the preservation of the achieved results according to the follow-up evaluation data. The obtained results make it possible to recommend the inclusion of osteopathic correction in the complex correction of dysarthria in preschool children.
Introduction. Dysarthria is a disorder of motor dynamics, which manifests itself in oral speech in the form of illegibility and indistinctness. Also motor realization is impaired, the mobility of the organs of speech (soft palate, tongue, lips) is limited, and so articulation is difficult. Correction of dysarthria only with the help of exercises with a speech therapist is not always effective enough; therefore, there is a constant search for methods that would make it possible to solve speech therapy problems more efficiently and in a shorter time. In this regard, there is great interest in osteopathic correction. The somatic dysfunctions and the results of osteopathic correction of children with dysarthria are described in sufficient detail in the available literary, but only for the end of treatment. The question of preservation of the achieved osteopathic correction results is practically not covered.Aim is to study the long-term results of osteopathic correction of somatic dysfunctions in children aged 5–6 years with dysarthria.Materials and methods. The study involved children with an established diagnosis of dysarthria at the age of 5–6 years. The study participants were divided into the control (15 people) and the main (26 people) groups. The participants in the control group received speech therapy, the participants in the main group received speech therapy and osteopathic correction. The logopaedic, osteopathic and neurological examinations were performed at the start of the study. The logopaedic examination was repeated 12 months after the completion of the correction. The osteopathic examination was repeated immediately after the completion of the correction, after 6 and 12 months. The neurological examination was repeated 6 and 12 months after the completion of the correction.Results. During the study of the long-term results of the correction performed in the both groups, there was a positive trend in several indicators characterizing the severity of speech impairment, including impaired speech pronunciation and dysarthria. In the main group, the dynamics was statistically significantly (p<0,05) more pronounced than in the control group. In the main group, there was a statistically significant (p<0,05) decrease in the severity of global and regional somatic dysfunctions, as well as a decrease in the detection frequency of local disorders of the craniosacral system and local visceral dysfunctions. Also in the main group there was a significant (p<0,05) decrease in the detection frequency of disorders of several indicators characterizing neurological status, including such indicators as convergence, facial symmetry, pharyngeal reflex, neck muscle tension, Romberg posture, local soreness, maskiness, the location of the tongue in the center, the condition of the muscles of the floor of the mouth, the tension of the muscles of the neck, fi nger-nose test.Conclusion. The study demonstrated not only the clinical efficacy of the combined use of osteopathic correction and speech therapy, but also the preservation of the achieved results according to the follow-up evaluation data. The obtained results make it possible to recommend the inclusion of osteopathic correction in the complex correction of dysarthria in preschool children.
The article describes the main objects of osteopathic influence in the body and the caused effects. The effects of osteopathic correction can occur at different times after the session and can be recorded using various clinical and instrumental methods. This should be taken into account when prescribing a re-examination of the patient to confirm the treatment results. A brief review of randomized controlled trials proving the efficacy of osteopathic correction in various diseases is also presented.
Introduction. Clinical research in osteopathy is criticized for the lack of standardization of treatment and insufficient use of instrumental methods to assess its effectiveness. Therefore, in order to increase evidence in osteopathy, it is relevant to search for instrumental methods that allow recording and measuring objective indicators and their changes after standardized osteopathic correction. The aim of the study is to research the effect of general osteopathic treatment on muscle tone using electromyography in practically healthy people. Materials and methods. A study was conducted on the basis of the Department of Osteopathy of the Mechnikov NWSMU. 30 practically healthy volunteers without any active complaints, aged 20 to 42 years (median 25 years), took part in the study. The criteria for non-inclusion were the presence of diseases and/or conditions that are an absolute contraindication to osteopathic correction, taking muscle relaxants or acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, diseases belonging to the G00-G83 group according to ICD-10, the presence of a trauma history for less than 1 year. All volunteers underwent general osteopathic treatment (GOT) as a standardized variant of osteopathic correction. Before and immediately after the GOT, muscle tone was studied using surface electromyography (sEMG), which was performed on the complex of wireless monitoring of electrophysiological signals «Kolibri» (manufacturer LLC «Neurotech», Russia). At rest, the average amplitude of the electrical activity of the muscles of the upper arms, the interscapular region, the anterior and posterior muscle groups of the thigh and lower legwere measured. The recording was made simultaneously from several muscle groups, synchronously from the right and left sides of the body. Results. After the GOT, a statistically significant decrease in the average amplitude of the thigh anterior surface muscles electrical activity from the median of 8 MV to 4 MV (p = 0,00001), the lower leg anterior surface from the median of 9 MV to 7 mv (p = 0,008) was detected, which indicates their relaxation. The tone of the other muscle groups did not change statistically significantly. The asymmetry of the average amplitude of electrical activity was observed in the studied muscles, which shows an imbalance of tone between symmetrical muscles. In most of the studied muscle groups, this indicator did not change statistically significantly after the GOT. And only in the anterior thigh muscle group, the asymmetry of the average amplitude of electrical activity decreased statistically significantly from the median of 7 MV to 2 MV (p = 0,0046). Conclusion. With the help of the sEMG, it was found that one session of GOT leads to a decrease in the tone of the anterior thigh and lower leg muscle groups, as well as a decrease in the asymmetry of the tone of the anterior thigh muscle group. These results can be explained from the standpoint of the GOT effect on skeletal muscles by means of improving the characteristics of the muscle tissue itself and the surrounding fascia, as well as by inhibitory and harmonizing effects on the nervous system, which ensures the maintenance and regulation of muscle tone. Surface EMG can be used to objectively record and measure the results of osteopathic correction to increase the evidence of clinical trials in osteopathy.
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