Osteoconductivity and Biodegradability of Collagen Scaffold Coated with Nano‐β‐TCP and Fibroblast Growth Factor 2

Abstract

Nanoparticle bioceramics have become anticipated for biomedical applications. Highly bioactive and biodegradable scaffolds would be developed using nanoparticles of -tricalcium phosphate ( -TCP). We prepared collagen scaffolds coated by nano--TCP and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and evaluated the effects on new bone augmentation and biodegradation. The collagen sponge was coated with the nano-TCP dispersion and freeze-dried. Scaffold was characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, compressive testing and cell seeding. Subsequently, the nano--TCP/collagen scaffold, collagen sponge, and each material loaded with FGF2 were implanted on rat cranial bone. As a control, no implantation was performed. Nano-TCP particles were found to be attached to the fibers of the collagen sponge by SEM and TEM observations. Scaffold coated with nano-TCP showed higher compressive strength and cytocompatibility. In histological evaluations at 10 days, inflammatory cells were rarely seen around the residual scaffold, suggesting that the nano-TCP material possesses good tissue compatibility. At 35 days, bone augmentation and scaffold degradation in histological samples receiving nano--TCP scaffold were significantly greater than those in the control. By loading of FGF2, advanced bone formation is facilitated, indicating that a combination with FGF2 would be effective for bone tissue engineering.

Comparative study of bioactivity of collagen scaffolds coated with graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide

“…Ordinarily, the mechanical properties of the regenerative scaffold play a facilitative role in maintaining the space for ingrowth of cells and blood vessels from the surrounding tissue. 5 In the present examination, GO and RGO coatings significantly increased the compressive strength of the collagen scaffold, likely due to the GO nanosheet assembling on the strut surface of the collagen scaffold and adding to its elasticity. Furthermore, the compressive strength of the RGO-coated collagen scaffold was approximately two-fold greater than that of the GO scaffold.…”

“…3 The surface morphology of the scaffold often has a profound effect on the attachment of surrounding cells and tissues after implantation. 4 Many investigators have reported that surface modification of scaffolds with nano-sized materials stimulates bioactivity, including cell proliferation, tissue compatibility, and biodegradability, 4,5 indicating that effective modification of the scaffold surface plays an important role in facilitating tissue engineering.…”

Dose effects of beta-tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles on biocompatibility and bone conductive ability of three-dimensional collagen scaffolds

“…β-TCP powder (Beta TCP; Tomita Pharmaceutical, Naruto, Japan) was pulverized into nano-sized particles using a pulverizer (Nanomizer, Yokohama, Japan). The peak profile of β-TCP powder via X-ray diffraction investigations was overlapped with the data of the previous report 27,32) . The β-TCP nanoparticles, along with the surfactant sodium cholate (0.2 wt%), were then dispersed in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Osaka, Japan).…”

“…Dispersion of β-TCP nanoparticles was carried out as described previously 27) . β-TCP powder (Beta TCP; Tomita Pharmaceutical, Naruto, Japan) was pulverized into nano-sized particles using a pulverizer (Nanomizer, Yokohama, Japan).…”

“…Nanomodification of biomaterials via nanosized bioceramics might play a major role in promoting their properties for biomedical applications [23][24][25][26] . Ibara et al and Ogawa et al prepared a 3D collagen scaffold with surfacemodifications using beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) nanoparticles and subsequently implanted the scaffold in combination with fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) into rat connective tissue 27,28) . They observed that the promotion of cell and tissue ingrowth into the scaffold was facilitated by β-TCP nanoparticle modification.…”