Osteoarthritis

Creamer, Paul; Hochberg, Marc C.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(97)07226-7

Cited by 420 publications

(262 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Cartilage samples (3-10 mg) were individually cultured in 96-well tissue culture plates in 200 l Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 0.85 mM ascorbic acid, 2 mM glutamine, 100 IU/ml sodium benzylpenicillin, 100 IU/ml streptomycin sulfate, and 10% (volume/volume) heat-inactivated pooled beagle serum (37°C, 5% CO 2 in air) (40). Following 1 hour of preculture, ex vivo proteoglycan synthesis was measured as the rate of sulfate incorporation (6 explants per joint per dog) by adding 10 l DMEM containing 2 Ci carrier-free Na 2 35 SO 4 (DuPont NEN, Boston, MA) during 4 hours of culture. After this 4-hour labeling, cartilage was briefly washed, digested with papain (Sigma), and GAGs were precipitated using cetylpyridinium chloride (Sigma).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of advanced glycation end products as a molecular mechanism for aging as a risk factor in osteoarthritis

DeGroot¹,

Verzijl²,

Wijk

et al. 2004

Arthritis & Rheumatism

181

114

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Objective. Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent and disabling chronic conditions affecting the elderly. Its etiology is largely unknown, but age is the most prominent risk factor. The current study was designed to test whether accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are known to adversely affect cartilage turnover and mechanical properties, provides a molecular mechanism by which aging contributes to the development of OA.Methods. The hypothesis that elevated AGE levels predispose to the development of OA was tested in the canine anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) model of experimental OA. Cartilage AGE levels were enhanced in young dogs by intraarticular injections of ribose. This mimics the accumulation of AGEs without the interference of other age-related changes. The severity of OA was then assessed 7 weeks after ACLT surgery in dogs with normal versus enhanced AGE levels.Results. Intraarticular injections of ribose enhanced cartilage AGE levels ϳ5-fold, which is similar to the normal increase that is observed in old dogs. ACLT surgery resulted in more-pronounced OA in dogs with enhanced AGE levels. This was observed as increased collagen damage and enhanced release of proteoglycans. The attempt to repair the matrix damage was impaired; proteoglycan synthesis and retention were decreased at enhanced AGE levels. Mankin grading of histology sections also revealed more-severe OA in animals with enhanced AGE levels.Conclusion. These findings demonstrate increased severity of OA at higher cartilage AGE levels and provide the first in vivo experimental evidence for a molecular mechanism by which aging may predispose to the development of OA.The population of Western society is aging rapidly. Consequently, age-related diseases will increase greatly over the coming decades and will have a great impact on the quality of life of the elderly. Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent and disabling chronic conditions affecting the elderly and poses a significant public health problem (1). The most prominent feature of OA is the progressive destruction of articular cartilage, resulting in impaired joint motion, severe pain, and, ultimately, disability (2). As yet, the etiology of OA remains largely unknown. The incidence of OA increases with age: Ͼ50% of the population over 60 years of age is affected (3,4). Although age is identified as the main risk factor for the development of OA, the mechanism by which aging is involved remains unclear. Age-related changes in the articular cartilage are expected to play an important role in the susceptibility of cartilage to OA.Articular cartilage derives its mechanical properties from its extracellular matrix. This matrix is composed of type II collagen, which forms a 3-dimensional network that provides the cartilage with resistance to tensile forces (5).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of advanced glycation end products as a molecular mechanism for aging as a risk factor in osteoarthritis

DeGroot¹,

Verzijl²,

Wijk

et al. 2004

Arthritis & Rheumatism

181

114

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“…3 Osteoarthritis is now thought to be a collection of similar diseases affecting the joints rather than a single disease. 4 The disease most frequently affects the knee and hand 5 and is the primary reason for joint replacement surgery. 6 It is estimated that, by age 65 years, 80% of the population will have detectable radiographic changes typical of OA and 60% of those with detectable radiographic changes will have pain, whereas 15% to 30% will have mobility problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other signs of OA include crepitus, bony enlargement, deformity, instability, restricted movement, warmth, effusion, synovial thickening, and muscle weakness or wasting. 4 Risk factors for OA include advancing age, repetitive motion, family history, obesity, and injury. 8 As no cure is currently available for OA, treatment focuses on reducing symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the current frequency and severity of adverse effects from analgesics and NSAIDs, suggestions for less toxic treatments of OA are warranted. 4,10 Indeed, some of the most prescribed drugs for arthritis have been withdrawn from public consumption by pharmaceutical companies because of severe adverse effects. For example, some COX-2 inhibitors were found to increase edema and blood pressure, thus increasing the risk for stroke and other cardiovascular events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of a blend of comfrey root extract (Symphytum officinale L.) and tannic acid creams in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multiclinical trials

Smith

Jacobson

2011

Journal of Chiropractic Medicine

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Effect of a blend of comfrey root extract (Symphytum officinale L.) and tannic acid creams in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multiclinical trials The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 2 concentrations of topical, comfrey-based botanical creams containing a blend of tannic acid and eucalyptus to a eucalyptus reference cream on pain, stiffness, and physical functioning in those with primary osteoarthritis of the knee. Methods: Forty-three male and female subjects (45-83 years old) with diagnosed primary osteoarthritis of the knee who met the inclusion criteria were entered into the study. The subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups: 10% or 20% comfrey root extract (Symphytum officinale L.) or a placebo cream. Outcomes of pain, stiffness, and functioning were done on the Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. Participants applied the cream 3× a day for 6 weeks and were evaluated every 2 weeks during the treatment. Results: Repeated-measures analyses of variance yielded significant differences in all of the Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index categories (pain P b .01, stiffness P b .01, daily function P b .01), confirming that the 10% and 20% comfrey-based creams were superior to the reference cream. The active groups each had 2 participants who had temporary and minor adverse reactions of skin rash and itching, which were rapidly resolved by modifying applications. Conclusion: Both active topical comfrey formulations were effective in relieving pain and stiffness and in improving physical functioning and were superior to placebo in those with primary osteoarthritis of the knee without serious adverse effects.

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“…Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that causes progressive cartilage deterioration, inflammation, reduced joint function, and pain [3,12]. In the knee, severe OA is associated with a reduction or obliteration of joint space in one or more compartments, that leads to varus or valgus deformity and reduced range of motion [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in human knee ligament stiffness secondary to osteoarthritis

Fishkin

Miller

Ritter

et al. 2002

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Stiffness of the medial (MCL) and lateral (LCL) collateral ligaments was compared between a group of 10 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty for varus degenerative osteoarthritis (OAP), a group of 10 osteoarthritic cadaveric knees (OAC), and a group of 10 non-osteoarthritic cadaveric knees (NOA). A load4ongation curve was obtained for the medial and lateral compartments of each knee using an instrumented Moreland spreader. A strain gage (SG) was attached to the spreader handle and strain was calibrated to load applied against the spread distance. In extension, medial compartment stiffness of the OAP, OAC, and NOA groups

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Osteoarthritis

Cited by 420 publications

References 56 publications

Accumulation of advanced glycation end products as a molecular mechanism for aging as a risk factor in osteoarthritis

Accumulation of advanced glycation end products as a molecular mechanism for aging as a risk factor in osteoarthritis

Effect of a blend of comfrey root extract (Symphytum officinale L.) and tannic acid creams in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multiclinical trials

Changes in human knee ligament stiffness secondary to osteoarthritis

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