Orthodontics and the population with special needs

Hb, Waldman; Perlman, Steven P.; Swerdloff, M

doi:10.1067/mod.2000.105236

Cited by 34 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The inappropriate stigma and stereotype images of children with mental retardation impact on their daily lives and may affect the implementation of needed health services including orthodontic care 9 . The fact, however, is that children with disabilities need functional and aesthetic considerations comparable to that of normal persons 10 . Previous studies indicate that the main benefit of orthodontic treatment to the patient may be improved dental aesthetics and psychosocial well-being 11,12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies indicate that the main benefit of orthodontic treatment to the patient may be improved dental aesthetics and psychosocial well-being 11,12 . The continuing deinstitutionalization process of persons with mental retardation is bringing the orthodontist into contact with those in need of special health services 10 . Trends of deinstitutionalization are also evident in Nigeria, where most of the special schools for the handicapped are non-residential 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Malocclusion and Orthodontic Treatment Need of Mentally Handicapped Children in Lagos, Nigeria

Utomi¹

2009

Pesq Bras Odontoped Clin Integr

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RESUMOObjetivo: Determinar a prevalência de maloclusão e necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico em crianças e adolescentes nigerianos com necessidades especiais através do Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI); e avaliar se a maloclusão sofre influência da idade e do sexo da criança. Método: A amostra foi composta por 102 crianças e adolescentes com idades entre 6 a 18 anos atendidos em 5 escolas/centros para pessoas com necessidades especiais. Um questionário pré-estruturadp foi utilizado para coletar dados sócio-demográficos. Os pacientes foram examinados no ambiente escolar, sob luz natural, sendo utilizado o Índice DAI. O teste t-student foi usado para a comparação da média dos escores DAI entre os grupos. Fez-se uso ainda da correção de Bonferroni. Resultados: Não se verificou diferenças significativas nos escores dos DAI entre o sexo e a idade(p>0,05). Maloclusão severa com tratamento altamente desejável foi observada em 18,0% da amostra. Maloclusão muito severa foi encontrada em 19%, sendo o tratamento fundamental. A perda de uma ou mais dentes estava presente em 8,8%, enquanto o apinhamento incisal foi visto em 28,4% e o espaçamento em 58,8%. Alterações no segmento anterior da maxila e da mandíbula foram encontradas em 38,2% e 47,1%, respectivamente. A mordida aberta foi diagnosticada em 25,5% da amostra. Relação molar de classe I foi observada em 68,6%. Conclusão: Uma grande proporção da população apresenta maloclusão severa, onde o tratamento é considerado fundamental. A amostra apresentou altas frequências de todas os tipos de maloclusão quando comparadas às crianças nigerianas normais, com exceção do apinhamento. DESCRIPTORS DESCRITORESEpidemiologia; Maloclusão; Portadores de Necessidades Especiais;Objective: To determine the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in mentally handicapped children in Lagos, Nigeria using the DAI; and to assess whether the observed malocclusion is affected by age and sex. Method: The study population consisted of 102 non-Down syndrome mentally handicapped children between 6-18years of age from 5 special schools/centres for people with special needs in Lagos. A pre-structured questionnaire was used to record the findings and socio-demographic information. The handicapped children were examined in their respective schools under natural light, using the Dental aesthetic Index (DAI) assessments. The independent student's t-test was used for the comparison of mean DAI score between any two groups. The Bonferroni correction was applied to minimize the likelihood of type one error while undertaking multiple t-tests. Results: There were no statistically significant differences (p< 0.05) in the mean DAI scores between gender and among the age groups. Severe malocclusion with treatment 'highly desirable' was found in 18%. Handicapping malocclusion where treatment was 'mandatory' was observed in 19%. One or more missing teeth were observed in 8.8%, while incisal crowding was seen in 28.4% and spacing in 58.8%. Irregularities in the maxillary and mandibular anter...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malocclusion and Orthodontic Treatment Need of Mentally Handicapped Children in Lagos, Nigeria

Utomi¹

2009

Pesq Bras Odontoped Clin Integr

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“…2,3,14,18 Such alterations are associated with insufficient bone development, orofacial muscle hypotonia, and the positioning of the tongue. 2,14,19,20 Muscle hypotonia associated with a reduced volume of the oral cavity and characterized by a deep, atresic palate may lead to a tendency toward habitually projecting the tongue against the teeth or outside the mouth. 5,18,21 Abnormal function and the position of the tongue can affect tooth eruption causing anterior open bite, tooth alignment, and the arch shape.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Down syndrome: a risk factor for malocclusion severity?

et al. 2015

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The aims of the present study were to compare aspects related to malocclusion between individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and a control group, establish malocclusion severity, and identify determinant factors. A total of 120 individuals (60 with DS and 60 with no physical or mental impairment), were included in the study. Data were collected through interviews, analyses of the medical charts, and oral examinations. The criteria of the Dental Aesthetic Index were used for the diagnosis of malocclusion. Chi-square test (p ≤ 0.05) and multivariate logistic regression were used for comparisons between the two groups and to determine the association between the dependent (malocclusion severity) and independent variables. Statistically significant differences were found between the two groups for the following variables: missing teeth, diastema, overjet, mandibular protrusion, anterior open bite, posterior crossbite, facial type, lip incompetence, and Angle classification. DS, a history of premature birth, and long face pattern were found to be associated with malocclusion severity. Individuals with DS exhibited more occlusal problems than those in the control group.

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“…It is relatively difficult to maintain good oral health of individuals with disabilities because they may often have involuntary behavior that adversely affect their oral health. Some are unable to perform oral hygiene activities and face many limitations in accessing dental care [2,3,17]. The social-cultural differences also play a role in the variations of malocclusion prevalence observed between various communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They include genetic predisposition, increased risk to dental trauma, involuntary detrimental oral habits, limitations in maintaining good oral hygiene, barriers in accessing dental care, congenital and developmental orofacial defects as well as social-cultural context of specific communities [2,4,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%