Orthodontic and orthopedic effects of Activator, Activator-HG combination, and Bass appliances: A comparative study

A Retrospective Cephalometric Evaluation of Dental Changes with Activator and Activator Headgear Combination in the Treatment of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion

“…[12][13][14] In case of conventional activator being used, the retractor group of muscles will force the mandible backwards, whereas the construction bite taken will prevent the dentoalveolar segment to react to the muscular forces; hence, the lower incisors tend to procline which is a normal compensation for a class II skeletal pattern. 15 Many activator and activator headgear studies 6,[8][9][10][16][17][18] have reported a retroclination of upper incisors. A more pronounced retrusion of the upper incisors with the activator compared with the activator headgear has been reported.…”

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11] However, only some studies have included data from untreated class II as control group. [6][7][8] 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1003 …”

Estabilidade da correção da Classe II, 1ª divisão com o aparelho Bionator de Balters associado ao aparelho fixo

“…;ZIAJA, 1989;BOLMGREN;MOSHIRI, 1986;CHANG et al, 1989;CURA et al, 1996;DERRINGER, 1990;DEVINCENZO, 1991;FREITAS, B.V., 1996;FREUNTHALLER, 1967;GHAFARI;HENRIQUES, 1997;JAKOBSSON;PAULIN, 1990;JANSON, I., 1977JANSON, I., , 1978KEELING, 1998;LANGE et al, 1995;ALLEN, 1990;MARTINS, J.C.R., 1997;MEACH, 1966;MILLS, J.R., 1991;OP HEIJ;CALLAERT;OPDEBEECK, 1989;SCHULHOF;ENGEL, 1982;THUER;BURGIN, 1989;TSAMTSOURIS;VEDRENNE, 1983;PROFFIT, 1998;PHILLIPS, 1997), demonstraram que o ângulo SNB aumentou com a utilização do Bionator.…”

“…Este resultado é substanciado, na literatura, por diversos autores (ALMEIDA, CHANG et al, 1989;CURA et al, 1996;DERRINGER, 1990;HENRIQUES, 1997;JAKOBSSON;PAULIN, 1990;LANGE et al, 1995;MILLS, J.R., 1991;PANCHERZ, 1984 BUSCHANG et al, 1988;DRELICH, 1948;HENRIQUES et al, 1998;KARLSEN, 1994;MAIA, 1998;MCNAMARA, J.A., JR., 1981;NGAN;BYCZEC;SCHEIK, 1997). Não obstante a variação no crescimento condilar possa provocar uma rotação do corpo mandibular, um crescimento vertical maior na área dos molares pode rotacionar a mandíbula no sentido horário, aumentando a altura facial anteroinferior (SCHUDY, 1965).…”

“…;ZIAJA, 1989;BOLMGREN;MOSHIRI, 1986;CHANG et al, 1989;COURTNEY;CURA et al, 1996;DRAGE;HUNT, 1990;FREITAS, B.V., 1996;HENRIQUES, 1997, JANSON, I., 1977, 1978HASUND, 1981, MILLS, J.R., 1991, PANCHERZ, 1984, REMMER et al, 1985BURGIN, 1989 CHANG et al, 1989;DRAGE;HUNT, 1990;HENRIQUES, 1997;JANSON, I., 1977JANSON, I., , 1978HASUND, 1981;NELSON, C.;HERBISON, 1993;PANCHERZ, 1984;THUER;BURGIN, 1989;TSAMTSOURIS;VEDRENNE, 1983) Assim como em alguns estudos (CHIQUETO, 2008;COPE et al, 1994;COVELL et al, 1999;KARACAY et al, 2006;KUCUKKELES;ILHAN;ORGUN, 2007;NALBANTGIL et al, 2005;PANCHERZ, 1999;STUCKI;INGERVALL, 1998), o trespasse vertical foi melhorado pela terapêutica adotada …”