Organophosphorus pesticides (chlorfenvinphos, phosmet and fenamiphos) photoelectrodegradation by using WO3 nanostructures as photoanode

Visible Light–Driven Advanced Oxidation Processes to Remove Emerging Contaminants from Water and Wastewater: a Review

“…= 20 °C; the bias potential (vs. SCE) = + 1 V; type of lamp = Xe lamp; lamp power = 1000 W Fernández-Domene et al ( 2019 ) Chlorfenvinphos Photocatalysis in the presence of pyruvic acid (PA)-doped TiO 2 (TiO 2 /PA) 85 Concentration C 0[CFVP] = 1.0 mg/l; adsorption time = 20 min; process time = 60 min; catalyst dosage = 50 mg/l; pH = 3; type of lamp = tungsten; lamp power = 10 W Zawadzki ( 2020 ) Chlorfenvinphos Photodegradation by using WO 3 nanostructures 95 Thermal treatment (annealing) of nanostructured electrodes = 600 °C; anodization in electrolyte: 1.5 M CH 4 O 3 S; 0.05 M H 2 O 2 ; concentration C 0[CFVP] = ND; process time = 1440 min; the bias potential (vs. SCE) = + 1 V; Temp. = room temperature; type of lamp = Xe lamp; lamp power = 500 W Roselló-Márquez et al ( 2021 ) Chlorfenvinphos Visible (Vis) light activation of persulfate (PS) by glucose (PS/Vis/Glu) 81 Concentration C 0[CFVP] = 1 mg/l; glucose dosage = 100 mM; PS dosage = 20 mM; process time = 20 min; pH = 6; type of lamp = tungsten; lamp power = 10 W Zawadzki ( 2021b ) Methylene blue Photocatalysis in the presence of copper phthalocyanine-sensitized TiO 2 nanopowders (CuPc/TiO 2 ) 70 Concentration C 0[MB] ≈ 192 mg/l; catalyst dosage ≈ 333.33 mg/l; concentration of Cu = 4.7 wt%; adsorption time = 30 min; process time = 150 min; Temp. = room temperature; type of lamp = xenon; lamp power = 150 W Cabir et al ( 2017 ) Methylene blue Photocatalysis in the presence of nanostructured Fe/FeS powder 96 Concentration C 0[MB] = 5 mg/l; catalyst dosage = 1000 mg/l; adsorption time = 30 min; process time = 200 min; pH = 11; type of lamp = ND; lamp power = 400 W Esmaili et al ( 2018 ) Methylene blue Photocatalysis in the presence of CuS-CdS nanocomposite 99...…”

“…This configuration allows for more efficient separation of the charges (e/h −+ ) formed in the process, thereby increasing the lifetime of electron–hole pairs (Hou et al, 2020a , 2020b ; Li et al, 2018 ; Su et al, 2016 ). Photoelectrocatalysis has been shown to efficiently degrade chlorfenvinphos (Fernández-Domene et al, 2019 ; Roselló-Márquez et al, 2021 ), diclofenac (Cheng et al, 2015 ; Liu et al, 2017b ), and methylene blue (Rosa et al, 2020 ; Wu et al, 2019 ). Advances in electrochemistry and materials science (new materials active in visible light) have led to increased interest in using photoelectrochemical processes to eliminate CECs.…”

“…In the work of Fernández-Domene et al ( 2019 ) and Roselló-Márquez et al ( 2021 ), the photoelectrochemical decomposition of chlorfenvinphos with tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) nanotubes was investigated. Chlorfenvinphos solutions with an initial concentration of 20 ppm were treated with visible radiation, the source of which was a 1000-W xenon lamp.…”

“…In a similar study, Roselló-Márquez et al ( 2021 ) used a 500-W xenon lamp (visible light source). Under the room temperature and after 24 h of treatment, a 95% removal degree of CFVP was obtained.…”

“…Depending on the process (e.g., photo-Fenton, radiolytic decomposition), the oxidation by-products may differ. In the literature, CFVP degradation by-products are reported to be, for example, 2-hydroxy-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)vinyl diethyl phosphate, 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid, dicarboxylic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenol, triethyl phosphate, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (Klamerth et al, 2009 ; Bojanowska-Czajka et al, 2010 ; Roselló-Márquez et al, 2021 ). The by-products are therefore aromatic acids or esters, but also toxic products, e.g., 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid or triethyl phosphate.…”