Organogenesis and plant regeneration from immature embryos of Rosa hybrida L.

Abstract

Intact, flowering, rose plants have been regenerated in vitro from excised embryos of crosses between 'Bridal Pink' (the maternal parent) and several pollen parents. Explanted embryonic tissues developed into an organogenic Callus which formed adventitious shoots after several months only on a modified, half-strength Murashige & Skoog medium containing 1.0 ~tM BA and 0.05 #M NAA. These shoots could be separated, grown individually, rooted in a medium with no BA or NAA, with 1.0/~M IBA, and transplanted to greenhouse media. Embryos ranging in age from 21 to 35 days post-pollination formed organogenic callus that eventually regenerated adventitious shoots. Histological examination of normally-developing embryos showed that well-defined embryonic axes were beginning to develop at approximately 20-25 days postpollination. Analysis of populations of regenerated plants from different crosses showed differences in flower color, growth habit, peduncle length, and petal number. This system may be useful for irradiation-mutation breeding and/or for the development of transgenic rose plants using Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

A comparison of the somaclonal variation level of Rosa hybrida L. cv Meirutral plants regenerated from callus or direct induction from different vegetative and embryonic tissues

“…Although plant regeneration (through a callus phase or not) had already been reported in Rosa from stem segments (Yalles & Boxus, 1978 ;Lloyd et al ., 1988 ;Rout et al ., 1991 ;Matthews et al ., 1991), leaf (Lloyd et al ., 1988;Leffering & Kok, 1990 ;de Wit et al ., 1990;Rout et al ., 1991), root fragments (Lloyd et al ., 1988 ;Matthews et al ., 1991), zygotic embryos (Burger et al ., 1990) and stamen filaments (Noriega & Sondahl, 1991), this is to our knowledge the first time that such direct or indirect regeneration results have been reported in this genus with isolated embryos, petals, sepals, anthers, receptacles and ovules . The observed differences in frequency of callus development according to the floral parts used or to the development stages of zygotic embryos and floral parts confirm the importance, in a regeneration program, of the donor tissue (Evans, 1989 ;Compton & Veilleux, 1991), and its age (Burger et al ., 1990) .…”

Organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in callus cultures ofRosa hybrida andRosa chinensis minima

“…Although, there are a few reports on regeneration of shoots and/or plantlets from zygotic embryos and somatic tissues of various Rosa species (Lloyd et al, 1988;Burger et al, 1990;De Wit et al, 1990;Rout et al, 1992;Kunitake et al, 1993), regeneration of plantlets via somatic embryogenesis from somatic tissues of Rosa hybrida cultivars remains difficult with a low frequency of occurrence (Rout et al, 1991;Noriega & Sondahl, 1991). Embryogenic callus initiated from immature leaf and stem segments of R. hybrida cv.…”

Callogenesis and production of anthocyanin and chlorophyll in callus cultures of vegetative and floral explants in Rosa gallica and Rosa hybrida (Rosaceae)

“…The highest values of callus initiation were recorded during 8 days of culture in all explants. There are many reports on callus formation from vegetative explants as well as the comparison of formation and growth rate of calluses between different explants (Jacob et al, 1969;Lloyd et al, 1988;Burger et al, 1990;Ishioka and Tanimoto, 1990;Rosu et al, 1995;Luciani et al, 2006;Pati et al, 2006). Our literature review revealed that little has been known on callusing of flower explants.…”

“…The genus Rosa has been the subject of numerous studies involving the in vitro culture of axillary buds, shoot tips, anthers, and embryos (Tabaeezadeh and Khosh-Khui, 1981;Burger et al, 1990;Pati et al, 2004;Vu et al, 2006). A cytokinin (usually 6-benzylamino purine [BAP]) and an auxin (mostly indole-3-acetic acid [IAA], 1-naphthalene acetic acid [NAA], or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid [2,4-D]) are normally included in the primary culture medium for callus induction (Gürel et al, 2001;Chalager and Venkanna, 2012).…”